I. Common bacteria in the production of mushroom mushroom mushroom bag
After the mushroom mushroom bag was contaminated by the bacteria, the nutrient base was damaged. In severe cases, the mold was mildly odor, the mycelium disintegrated, and the entire batch was scrapped, resulting in a serious drop in the yield of the bag. The common bacteria in the bag are Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma, Mucor, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and yeast.
Second, analysis of causes of bacterial contamination
In the production process of mushroom mushroom mushroom bag, there are many factors that cause contamination of the bacteria, and improper operation and management are the main reasons:
1, the matrix rancid
Often due to poor raw materials, sawdust, wheat bran clumping, mildew deterioration, and some because of the high moisture content of ingredients, mixing, bagging time prolonged, to adhere to raw materials in the bacteria, bacteria and other hygiene provided the conditions, As a result, the fermentation was rancid.
2, material bag hole
Tea mushroom cultivation bags use plastic bags. When raw materials in the culture medium are packed in bags, the material bags are punctured, the heads of the bags are not securely fastened, the air leakage is not achieved, the inspection is not strict when the bags are sterilized, the bag head yarns are not loosened, and the air pressure expansion bag is not sealed. Breaks, etc., can cause bacteria infection.
3, sterilization is not complete
Unreasonable arrangement of the bag culture medium, the inability of the steam to circulate, the uneven heating or dead angle, the sudden stoppage of the middle stop fire, the unloading of the bag when the sterilization time is not up to standard, etc., are difficult to achieve thorough sterilization.
4, impure bag
The mother or the original species of aging, bag pre-inoculation did not do pretreatment, weak resilience, germination rate is low, easily infected by bacteria. Some bacterial bags contain bacteria themselves.
5, Poor room conditions
Some inoculation chambers (cases) are not well sealed, and some drugs do not allow for false and some of them to fail. Inoculation personnel bring the bacteria into the sterile room. There was no clearing after inoculation and there was no ventilation, resulting in "sickness from the mouth."
6, poor bacteria sites
Bacteria bag room near the toilets, livestock houses and food fermentation brewing microbial fermentation plant; waste storage facilities, air is not convective, high concentration of carbon dioxide; wet cultivation site; picking up the bags when picked up pollution bags did not deal with timely, Throw it around and cause environmental pollution.
7, check the miscellaneous treatment is not complete
Bags were checked for sloppy, although spots of bacteria were found to be infested or bacteria bags were attacked by insects and mice. If they were not treated in time, the bacteria spread rapidly and spread to each other, which could cause contamination of the bags of bacteria.
Third, the key measures to control pollution
1, purification of the environment
Strictly according to the pollution-free environmental sanitation treatment, the culturing room and the cooling room should keep a certain distance from the raw material warehouse, mushroom house, and batching field, and the surrounding environment should remove the pollution source as far as possible. Livestock sanctuaries, septic tanks, cesspits, landfills, waste dumps, etc. must be routinely sanitized and sanitized on a regular basis.
2, raw materials check
Raw materials require no deterioration. Formulations should be in prescribed proportions. The culture materials should be bagged as soon as possible after preparation. The longer the interval, the more likely it is to cause contamination of the bacteria.
3, completely sterilized
The autoclave is maintained at 147.1 kPa for 2 hours. At atmospheric pressure, the sterilization temperature is required to reach 100°C within 4 hours, and the sterilization time lasts no less than 16 to 18 hours without cooling in the middle.
4, strain purification
From the parent species to the original species, and then to the breeding process of the cultivar, the bacteria must strictly perform the aseptic procedures. Carefully check the quality of bacteria bags before they reach 100% purity.
5, strict operation
Vaccination room, inoculation account, inoculation tools, inoculation personnel's arm and so on must be strictly disinfected. The inoculation action is fast, reaching a quick solution bag, quick inoculation, and fast zapping. After the same batch of bacteria bags were not completed, personnel should not enter or leave the inoculation room.
6, scientific management
The bacteria chamber is clean and clean and disinfects and kills insects. After the bacteria bag is placed in the bacteria room, the space humidity cannot exceed 70%. The room temperature should be controlled at about 25°C, and the temperature should not exceed 30°C. The high temperature and high humidity can easily cause the bacteria to attack. Strengthen ventilation and ventilation, pay attention to avoid light.
7, timely processing
Once the contamination of the bacteria is found, the contaminated bags of bacteria are removed from the culturing room in a timely manner. No matter the size of the contaminated surface, they should be eliminated and they must not be retained.
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