Recently, northern China has been affected by cold air, and windy and rainy weather has adversely affected vegetable production. According to meteorological forecasts, the minimum outside temperature will be lowered below 5°C for the first time. Therefore, farmers are reminded to pay attention to weather changes to prevent winds. Preventing cold is the key point, managing the greenhouses and open-air vegetables.
First, greenhouse vegetables: outside the shed to protect the cold curtain, shed attention to control the environment of the shed
As the outside temperature dropped, some vegetable farmers have installed grass curtains for protection against the cold one after another. The management focuses mainly on the following points:
The first is to pay attention to the good straw curtain, do a good job in the cold room shelters, and pay attention to the cover of the rain, wind work. When the outside temperature drops below 5°C, the greenhouse will begin to prepare straw curtains to prevent the temperature in the greenhouse from being too low and affect the normal growth of vegetables. If there is rain or snow, farmers need to be reminded that they should do rain work such as straw curtains to avoid getting wet and affect the use of straw curtains.
The second is to pay attention to environmental regulation and control of the greenhouse, in particular, to avoid excessive night temperature after covering the grass curtain, affecting the normal flowering and fruit setting of the vegetables. The cover should be put in early for early release, or put a curtain (without using only half of the shutter, with two-thirds of the shutter), to avoid excessive night temperature in the booth.
Third, we must do a good job of disease prevention and control. Cooling and rainy weather, poor ventilation in the sheds, and high humidity in the sheds, special attention should be paid to preventing vegetable diseases. Recently, when the author interviewed him in the countryside, he learned that there are three major diseases in melon vegetables: downy mildew, bacterial angular spot, and spot spot; tomatoes in tomato, late leaf blight, leaf mold, and gray leaf spot , Eggplant Mushroom disease, early blight and brown spot disease, pepper disease, etc. occur seriously, to strengthen prevention. As the temperature inside the shed decreases and the humidity increases, gray mold will also become a major threat to vegetable production.
For the prevention and control of diseases, it has always been suggested that we strengthen integrated prevention and control: First of all, we should apply drugs to the diseases, use drugs reasonably, and prevent and treat diseases. Second, reduce the humidity in the greenhouse and reduce the incidence of disease. After the temperature is lowered, the air outlet in the booth can't be opened, and the humidity can be reduced by laying the coverings such as plastic film and straw.
Fourth, we must make nutritional supplements in advance. Foliar supplements can be used in advance, you can use nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and other nutritional nutrient solution with nucleotides, chitin, etc., conducive to plant absorption, enhance the photosynthesis of leaves to ensure the supply of organic nutrition. At this time, most of the vegetables are in fruit expansion period, and nutrition must be replenished promptly. According to each vegetable needs to be reasonably top-dressed, full-water-soluble fertilizers such as lighthouse, Haolipu and Fangrun can be used to ensure nutrients during expansion.
Second, shed vegetables: take measures to prevent chilling and prolong vegetables
The insulation conditions of arch sheds are limited, and the temperature variation within the shed is large, especially where the arch sheds are close to the surrounding tuyères. They are vulnerable to low-temperature chilling, causing slow growth of vegetables, affecting root growth and differentiation of flower buds, and the yield and quality of vegetables are greatly affected. influences. Before a substantial cooling down, the shed must do a good job of keeping warm and cold.
One is to set up two membranes to increase the shed body cover. The arch shelter has poor cold resistance. To resist the outside temperature, the most effective way is to set up two membranes in the greenhouse. When setting up a shed, choose to set one or several layers of thick film that can be retracted (can use the old film on the shed) to hang on both sides of the arch. When the temperature decreases in the morning and in the evening, put it down. When the temperature is high at noon, close it to avoid affecting. illumination. The area around the shed body has a large heat dissipation area and the temperature changes most severely. Therefore, besides the second membrane in the shed, attention should be paid to the mulch around the shed to prevent the vegetables near the tuyere from being affected by low-temperature chilling. At the same time, it also reminds everyone to warm up during the day and pay attention to the ventilation of the shed.
The second is cultivator insulation and cold. In greenhouses without mulching in plastic sheds, attention should be paid to cultivator insulation. The ground panel knots, during the day when the hot gas enters the tillage layer is limited, the soil heat storage is small, and the cracks in the compacted soil are large and deep, the structure of the pellets is poor, the former midnight is easy to lose heat, and the lower temperature in the latter part of the night is easy to cause cold damage. The shallow cultivator can be used to break ground cracks when ventilating, which can not only control the transpiration of groundwater to take away thermal energy, but also reduce the humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
In addition to timely insulation, we must also pay attention to strengthening management to prevent the premature decline of vegetables during the result period and maximize the result time.
1. Raise the roots. If you want to get a good foundation, in addition to laying a good foundation in the early stages and promoting the formation of a huge root group, special attention must be paid to the maintenance of the root system after the outcome. You can rush for fertilizers such as Shigenjia, lighthouse root fertilizer, and Apollo 963 root nutrient.
2. Ye Ye. In addition to the prevention and treatment of leaf diseases, the leaves should also pay attention to the use of foliar fertilizer leaves to improve leaf resistance. Such as the use of Le Duo, Fang Run and other full-fledged foliar fertilizer, with chitin, alginic acid, nucleotides, and love more income, such as plant growth regulators to ensure the function of leaves, promote photosynthesis. When spraying, pay attention to the spraying of foliar spray focus on the back of the blade, the best effect.
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