In the practice of rice production, lodging often occurs, especially under the action of strong winds and heavy rain, which can easily lead to lodging of stems, generally reducing production by 10% to 30%. At the same time, it brings inconvenience to harvesting and threshing, increases the loss rate of rice, and limits the increase in production. Therefore, lodging is an important limiting factor for high yield and stable yield in rice.
Rice lodging is related to plant height, internode length, stem material, panicle type, root system, and cultivation conditions.
First of all, dwarf or lodging resistant cultivars should be selected and cultivated. Increasing the plant height appropriately is to increase the population's material productivity, which is the direction to increase the biological output and economic output. At present, rice production is promoted and used mostly by high culms and large ear varieties. In order to ensure the high yield and stable yield traits of rice, the first is to promote sparse planting, and reasonable sparse planting can improve the lodging resistance of rice; Tian, ​​improving the quality of paddy fields will help improve rice lodging resistance.
Second, a reasonable N, P, K ratio can enhance rice stem stalk toughness. Applying silicon fertilizer in the early jointing stage of rice can increase rice yield and increase lodging resistance of rice. Fertilizers such as silicon, potassium, and calcium are sprayed on the leaves of late growth stages to increase lodging resistance.
Finally, the regulation of chemically active substances is used to prevent rice lodging. Mainly to improve the lodging and lodging related morphological and physiological traits to improve rice lodging resistance. The main products are chlormequat, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, and vancomycin. These products are applied at the jointing stage of rice, so that the internodes of the rice are shortened and thickened, and the lodging resistance of rice is improved.
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