Comprehensive Prevention and Control Techniques for Diseases,Pests,Pests and Rats in Leading Rice Industry

1. Strengthen plant quarantine to prevent the introduction of dangerous diseases and insects

In the premise of ensuring that dangerous pests and weeds do not pass in, actively promote the promotion of high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties.

2. Selection of high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties

Adapting measures to local conditions, vigorously promote high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties of rice, pay attention to purification and rejuvenation, and gradually replace the disease-deficit varieties. In the north-central rice region, the selection of Noza 35, Noza 36, ​​Noza 86, Baozaza No. 2 and No. 2 Youyou 7639 et al., conventional rice seedlings 136-14, 136-12, 136-16, 岫粳14, Chulu 27, Changyi 14, etc.; Southern rice selection Shenyou 9734, Neixiang 8518, Neixiang 8156, Yixiang 1979, Yixiang 3003, Zhongyou 77, Neiwu 39, Liangyou 2161; conventional high-quality rice selection 滇 Rui 408, Deyou 8 and Ji 201.

3, health care cultivation and disease control

The implementation of improved techniques and methods to improve the resistance of plants to achieve control of reducing the incidence and increase production.

(1) To nurture strong bred worms and plant them at the right time: plant seedlings with dry or wet methods, cultivate disease-free strong seedlings, and enhance the resistance of seedlings; in the case of good water conditions, strive to plant more small pods and less larvae to avoid seedlings. Late cold damage.

(2) Scientific fertilization and reasonable irrigation: the base fertilizer is generally 1000-1500 kg of mature manure, 40 kg of NPK compound fertilizer, 5 kg of potassium sulfate, and 1 kg of zinc sulfate; 5 kg of urea is applied as the tiller for the rest of the crop. No longer apply nitrogen fertilizer, cold-sweeping fields should pay attention to the application of phosphate fertilizer; water slurry management to achieve "shallow water planting, inch water live tree, seedling enough for drying, deep water booting, wet grouting", through reasonable irrigation, control of pest occurrence The conditions promote the robust growth of the plants and improve the resistance of the varieties.

4, reduce the base number of diseases and insects

(1) Disposal of diseased rice straw: Separate stacking of straw in sick fields for early treatment; use sick grass to build houses, scaffolding, and bundles of rakes;

(2) Seed disinfection: Select 10% soaking seedling emulsifiable concentrate 2ml watered 10kg immersed rice 6kg, soaking for 72 hours, remove and germination sowing, can prevent bakanae, acanthopanosis, bacterial leaf blight; % Shi Bao Ke cream 5ml watered 10-15 kg soaked 10 kg, soaked for 72 hours to remove germination sowing, can prevent rice blast, bastard disease.

(3) Spring plough irrigation and waterlogging, reducing the number of insects

The ploughing and ploughing of small plots of spring crops uses crop irrigation to achieve locust control and locusts. The Xiaochun crops are promptly ploughed and dried in the sun, and the sun kills crickets or allows natural enemies to feed; the winter ploughed field should be used for early plowing and winter rain or irrigation should be used. Control locusts, thereby reducing the number of wintering worms.

5, pharmaceutical control

(1) Rice Blast Disease: Handle the seedlings of Sawada, leafhoppers, leaf blades of Honda, and control the panicle blast in the middle and later stages. The currently used pharmaceuticals are 75% tricyclazole, 40% Fuji No. 1 (Potafurin), 70% thiophanate-methyl, and 40% sucloconazole.

(2) Rice borers: Control at the seedling stage is applied during the hatching period of egg masses to prevent the use of white spikes in the earliest stages of rice heading. Commonly used pesticides are Bataan, Triazophos, Insecticidal, Insecticide, Special Killing, etc.

(3) False smut: spraying rice from the first 7 days to the ear-initiating stage before the heading stage of rice. Commonly used pesticides include Jinggangmycin, carbendazim and triadimefon.

(4) Bacterial leaf blight of rice: Control of seedlings at the three-leaf stage of susceptible varieties and common disease areas; and the field of sporadic disease centers in the Honda period will be sealed off at the onset center or field prevention. Commonly used pesticides are leaf cumin, leaf cumene, and agricultural streptomycin.

(5) Rice planthoppers: spraying insecticides when the population density of the 2-3 instar nymphs reached 1000 heads/hundred. Commonly used pesticides include imidacloprid and pymetrozine.

6, other control measures

(1) Applying “send marrying drugs”: One week before transplanting, rice leaves and rice borers are prevented once, reducing pests and diseases brought into the field and reaching the goal of early treatment.

(2) Chemical weeding: weeding in paddy field, dry seedlings can be soaked with water after sowing and cover soil, 50% butachlor per acre 100-150ml watered with 40-50 kg mu, or sprayed with water, 15 kg per watering Trampoline; moist weeding, after planting cover soil can be used dry weeding method of weeding, but also to the two-leaf as one with a big dragon or dragon kill or quick kill, mixed with urea or mud control. Weeding in the field, in past years, the grassland with particularly severe damage can be removed with butachlor once before transplanting, 7-10 days after transplanting, combined application of stubble fertilizer, and then using paraquat or Guoer or Tianmao to control once; Slightly lighter fields can be controlled once every 7-10 days after transplanting.

(3) Cat-controlling rats, drug extermination and maintenance of crops: vigorously develop family cats to prevent rats, reduce the number of rats moving back and forth into the farmland, and reduce the loss of rice; at the same time, according to monitoring and forecasting of farmland mice, select at the peak of mouse damage Five-millionths of the enemy's sodium salt or 0.5% bromadiolone was used to formulate baits for united rodent control. In particular, the prevention and control of rice sowing, booting, heading and maturing should be well addressed.

(4)Physical and biological control: Wherever possible, frequency-vibrancy insecticidal lamps and solar insecticidal lamps can be used for trapping and killing adult insect pests in rice fields; insect sex pheromones can be used to trap and kill adult insect pests; and ducklings, fish cultures and organisms can also be combined with rice fields. Diversified hybrid planting technology for disease prevention, pest control, and weed control.

(5) Do a good job of specialization and defense: Select a township with a role in driving the formation of a rice pest control team, in the critical period of pests and diseases to carry out unified defense rule, effectively control the spread of pests and diseases, improve control efficiency.

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