Build awnings
Dairy cows spend most of their time at sports grounds and rest. Dairy farms and households with sports grounds can build shade awnings above the stadium. The awnings are built east-west and the shed is 5 meters high. The roof material can be selected for different light transmittance. Insulation film with good heat insulation performance, the ceiling should be built in an inclined manner to facilitate air circulation. In fields and households without playgrounds, horizontal visors or shade nets are installed above the cowshed windows, or hay is stacked on the roof, and plaster walls can also be sprayed with lime slurry to reduce heat radiation. Planting trees and flowers around the barn to improve the environment of the barn.
Keep cowsheds well ventilated
Open doors and windows to enhance air convection. Ventilation holes are reserved at the cowshed roof, and large ventilation fans and electric fans with a large amount of air (2m/s to 2.3m/s) are installed to accelerate the speed of the airflow in the house to take away heat from the body surface of the cow. When the temperature is higher than 29°C and the humidity is above 50%, the temperature needs to be reduced from 5:00 in the morning to 12:00 in the morning, and the difference between the body temperature and the temperature of the cow during the night is relatively large, and the time for sending the air can be shortened.
Spray shower cooling
The sprayer nozzle is installed 0.8-1.0 meters above the cow bed, and the electromagnetic valve is used to switch the mixer to connect with a tap water pipe with a certain pressure, so that the sprayed water is atomized. When the temperature exceeds 26°C, spray for 3-5 minutes every 30-45 minutes. Install shower heads or drilling water pipes on the cow bed near the ditch, and periodically or occasionally shower the cattle body to directly reduce the temperature and enhance evaporative heat dissipation. When the room temperature reaches 26°C, water is applied for 1 minute every 30-45 minutes. After the spray cools or the shower cools down, turn on the fan or blower to reduce the humidity in the house. Install sprinkler devices on the roof of the cowshed to reduce the temperature inside the house.
Do a good job in cattle and environmental health
Cows can dissipate heat through pores and skin. During the hot summer season, flushing and brushing the cow body regularly with water can reduce body surface temperature and reduce heat stress. In addition, pests such as mosquitoes and flies will interfere with the normal rest of the cow and even spread the disease. A 1%-1.5% trichlorfon solution can be used to spray the barn and the surrounding environment to kill insects such as mosquitoes and flies.
Provide enough water
Dairy cows need lots of water, and they need 70-120 liters of water every day and night. In hot summer, cows drink more water. To provide fresh and clean drinking water, it is best to use cool water, deep well water or fresh tap water. , guarantee 1.5-2 hours drinking water once. Water quality should meet the drinking water hygiene standards. After each drinking water, the sink should be washed. In the period of high temperature and drought, when water is lacking, it is necessary to drill wells in time to effectively solve the problem of water use in rural areas. In the absence of tap water and well water, attention should be paid to the quality of the water source. After the water is clarified, the water is weighed in 100 kg. Add 10 grams of potassium permanganate to sterilize. Add ten drops of water or Huoxiangzhengqi water to drinking water, which has obvious anti-heatstroke effect.
Scientific collocation feed
Increase dietary nutrient content, reduce the amount of roughage feed, and increase the proportion of concentrate (but not more than 60%). Increase dietary protein levels, protein content can be increased to 18% -20% of dietary content, feed more green and high-quality forage, feed more carrots, bean dregs, beer residues and other juicy feed. During periods of high temperature and drought, when grass is scarce, hay can be used instead of grass.
Feed congee material
Convert some condiments to porridge. 1.5 kg of concentrate feed, 1.5-2.5 kg of carrots, 5-8 kg of water, boiled and chilled and fed, can increase the amount of milk in the urine and take away more calories.
Increase minerals and vitamins
On hot days, cows increase their breathing and perspiration, often causing mineral deficiencies. Therefore, potassium, sodium, magnesium and other minerals should be added to the diet. Potassium can increase to 1.2%-1.5% of dietary dry matter, sodium 0.5%, and magnesium 0.3%. Each head can be supplemented daily with 60-80 grams of potassium chloride, 100-150 grams of sodium bicarbonate, and 30-50 grams of magnesium chloride. After the cow's heatstroke, the ability to synthesize decreases and it is necessary to increase the amount of vitamins fed. Add 0.04%-0.06% vitamin C and 3-5 times normal vitamin E to the cow's feed.
Adjust feeding time and feeding method
Dairy cows are the peak stage of body heat production 2-3 hours after ingestion. Therefore, the amount of night feeding should be increased in the summer, especially for coarse materials. It should be fed from 20:00 to 6:00 a.m. on the day and the bad residue can be fed at noon. As well as heatstroke-lowering medicines and feeds, the amount of feed at night can account for 60%-80% of the diet. Feeding methods can increase the number of feeds, less feed Tim, 4 times a day feed is appropriate.
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