First, nursery
1.1 Cork seedlings: soil fertilization Huangboxi warm and humid climate, wild trees grow in the mountain valleys, low hillsides or creeks sheltered from the wind, fertile and moist humus should be selected for nursery or cultivation, nursery land To deepen and apply the base fertilizer, make a sputum of 1 - 1.2 meters wide and 20 centimeters high.
1.2 Heavy-duty seedlings: 1. Seed reproduction: using live broadcast, but for high-yield and dense planting, seedlings can be used for seedlings. Yunnan Heavy House Live Broadcasting: After the rain in the upper and middle of January, a small shallow pond with a row spacing of 30-35 cm, a plant spacing of 20-25 cm and a depth of 3-5 cm, a narrow jaw of 130 cm 4 lines, 150 cm wide and 1 row. Before the seed is cold, the seeds are chilled for 24 hours, and the ash is planted with ash, and 2-3 grains are planted under each pond. After the hoe is covered with 9% of the soil of the fine manure fine soil, the soil should be watered in time, 7- 10 days sprouted seedlings.
Second, transplanting
2.1 Transplanting of Cork: Spring planting is carried out before the freezing of the seedlings; spring planting is carried out in the spring of the second year after the seedlings. Divide 60 cm deep square pits according to plant spacing of 1 m 2 , and then plant seedlings, watering and soil conservation to survive, seedling transplanting: it is an important measure to save seeds and fight for festivals.
2.2 Interplanting of heavy slabs in the spacing of cork line: In the first ten days of April, choose the seedbed in the dry land or vegetable garden with the water pool. It is best to use milk pentoxide nitrobenzene before dig the land. 5-10 grams per square meter mixed with fine soil to sprinkle DS, disinfect the soil, and then repeatedly dig the topsoil layer, flatten the surface of the dough, press on the surface of the coffin, open the seeding ditch about 5 cm deep. In the ditch, plant the seedlings at a distance of 5 cm, then cover the soil by 3 cm, cover the fine manure 2 cm, pour water and cover the mulch, and emerge in 1-7 days. After the seedlings were raised in January, the seedlings were transplanted to the field according to the live broadcast specifications.
2.3 Field management After planting, it should be continuously bred for 4-5 years, timely weeding to prevent grass shortage, and weeding should be carried out once every summer and autumn in 2-3 years. Combine cultivating and weeding for topdressing every year, and apply soil per acre after the first 3 times of cultivating. Fertilizer 1500 kg, with 50 kg of superphosphate, 50 kg of cake fertilizer, mix and mix, and then ditch in the line, apply soil cover fertilizer after application, can be used as a legume crop before the forest. In case of drought, watering should be carried out in time, pest control, rust is the main disease of the leaves of Cortex. The prevention and treatment method is to spray 400 times of rust sodium in the attack period, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2-3 times; It can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate emulsion 2000-3000 times.
2.4 Heavy Building Field Management:
(1) In the middle of May, the seedlings will be planted in the middle of the spot, and the seedlings will be planted in the live broadcast. Watering should be done before the seedlings, the seedlings should be taken with hibiscus, the root water should be poured when the seedlings are replenished, and the seedlings should be fully utilized to ensure the whole seedlings and sufficient density.
(2) The cultivating and weeding heavy building requires loose soil. The aboveground part is weaker. Pay special attention to loosening the grass. Generally, from late May to early June, there are many heavy rains, and the soil is easy to be knotted. It is necessary to drain in time, prevent flooding, diligently cultivate, shallowly loosen the soil, and pay attention to clear weeds at any time.
(3) Shade and heavy buildings are shaded and feared, and the whole growth period is 40--50%. Therefore, after emergence and transplanting, shading measures should be taken. In places where conditions permit, it is best to use shade nets; where there are no conditions, you can take the method of shading branches. You can also try the room and set the shade of corn, but pay attention to the density and the way of setting.
(4) The top-loading of the top-harvesting soil usually has the above-mentioned flowering and the growth of the tuber below. Generally, in mid-June, the second to the end of August will be faint. It is necessary to re-apply the compost in the first half of June, using 2000-3000 kg of beef and manure or soil fertilizer per mu. Jiapu calcium 20-30 kg, forced to combine the clearing ditch in the roots, the soil on the wall must be loose, keep the surface, no water at the bottom of the ditch.
Third, harvest
3.1 Cork harvesting and processing 10-15 years after planting can be peeled, generally should be stripped between May and June, or combined with felling and peeling bark, remove the old skin and dried for sale; its wood can be used as building materials ; Cork leaves can extract aromatic oils.
3.2 Harvesting of heavy buildings: Harvesting: Before and after the fall of the seedlings in autumn, that is, from November to December to the spring of the next year, it can be harvested before March. Most of the heavy tubers grow in the topsoil and are easy to excavate, but it is necessary to pay attention to keeping the tubers intact; first cut off the stems and leaves, then use the steamed bread to excavate from the side, excavate the tubers, shake off the soil, clean the water, and rinse open. The film is 2-3 mm thick and can be dried. It can be dried on a cloudy day with a slight fire of about 30, so as to avoid gelatinization.
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