1, fine land preparation
Since mung bean is a dicotyledonous crop, the cotyledon is unearthed, and the seedlings have weak soil. If the soil is knotted or the soil is too much, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of lack of seedlings and ridges or seedlings. Therefore, before sowing, it is required to deepen the fine hoeing, fine soil preparation, sloping the soil, making the soil loose, storing water and protecting the soil, preventing the soil from stagnation, and reducing the soil to facilitate emergence.
2, select excellent varieties
The selection of good varieties is an effective measure to increase production. The appropriate variety should be selected according to local natural conditions, soil fertility and commodity value. At present, there are more than 20 varieties of mung bean production in our province, which can be described as many, chaotic and miscellaneous, and there are no main varieties. However, the varieties with better performance in production include Liaolv No.6, Liaoyuan Mungdou No.1 and Zhonglv No.2.
3, using the correct seeding technology
Due to the short growth period of mung bean, the sowing time is long, and it can be broadcast in summer. The spring broadcast of our city should be in mid-May, and the summer broadcast should be before July 5. The sowing method of mung bean has three kinds of seeding, hole sowing and spreading. But with more of the broadcast. The seeding should prevent the resurfacing from being too deep, and the seeds should be too thick and leaking. After emergence, it was found that there was a shortage of seedlings and seedlings, and it was necessary to replant in 7 days. The row spacing is mostly 0.5 to 0.6 m, and the plant spacing is 10 to 20 cm. The seeding depth is preferably 3 to 5 cm. The amount of seed per mu is generally 1.5 to 2.0 kg per mu.
4, carry out reasonable close planting
Since the yield of mung bean is composed of the total number of pods per unit, the number of pods per pod and the weight of the kernel. The level of yield is closely related to planting density. Therefore, the planting density of mung beans should be determined by the characteristics of the variety and soil fertility. Generally, the early maturity varieties should be mastered, and the late-maturing varieties should be thin; the erect type is dense, the semi-vine type is thin, the vine type is more dilute; the fertilizer land should be thin, the thin land should be dense; the early seed is thin and the late seed is dense. Upright type, the plant develops vertically, suitable for close planting, and 8,000-15,000 plants per mu. Semi-propagated varieties are erect at the base, middle, upper or top sputum, which should be appropriately diluted, leaving 7,000 to 12,000 plants per acre. The lateral development of vine planting plants should be rare, and the mu density should be between 6,000 and 10,000. High-fertilizer soil, about 8,000 mu per seedlings; 8,000 to 12,000 strains of medium-fertilizer soils are suitable; 13,000-15,000 strains are suitable for thin soil.
5, scientific fertilization
The principle of fertilization of mung bean should be based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by inorganic fertilizer, mixed with organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer; the principle of applying base fertilizer and appropriate topdressing. Fertilization technology: Mung bean has a short growth period and strong sorghum resistance. Its root system has symbiotic nitrogen fixation capacity. It is often not fertilized in production. However, in order to increase the yield of mung bean in medium and low yield blocks, fertilizer should be added. Generally, about 10 kg of fertilizer, diammonium phosphate or nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are applied. In the hilly land with poor soil fertility and no application of base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, after the first compound leaves of mung bean are unfolded, combined with cultivating, 3 kg of urea can be recovered, or 8-10 kg of compound fertilizer. There is a significant increase in production. In the higher fertility plots, the seedling stage should be dominated by the control, and it is not suitable for topdressing. If the nitrogen fertilizer is too much, the vegetative growth will be too strong, the stems and leaves will be open, the fields will be shaded, the plants will fall, the flowers will fall seriously, and the mung beans will be lowered. Yield.
6. Conduct field management
In order to ensure that the mung bean grows neatly in the seedling stage, the population is well developed, and more buds are more flowering and more results. The pods are large and large, high in yield and high quality. After sowing, the following points should be done: (1) Repression according to the situation: Bad plots should be suppressed in time, with the pressure of the seeds, so that the seeds are in close contact with the soil, increase the surface water, promote seed germination and development, early emergence of seedlings, and full seedlings. (2) Checking the seedlings in time: After the emergence of mung bean, it is found that there is a shortage of seedlings and ridges, which should be replanted within 7 days. (3), and time fixed seedlings: In order to make the seedlings develop well, the first seedlings should be unfolded after the first compound leaves, and the seedlings should be fixed after the second compound leaves are unfolded. According to the density, the weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, seedlings, seedlings and weeds are removed, and the seedlings are kept. The implementation of single plant seedlings is conducive to the robust growth of plants. (4) timely weeding and weeding: not only can eliminate weeds, but also can eliminate soil compaction, loose soil, reduce evaporation, increase ground temperature, and promote nodule activity, which is a measure to increase mung bean yield. Generally, after the first compound leaf of the mung bean is unfolded, the first seedling is combined with the first shallow stalk; after the second compound leaf is unfolded, the seedling is started and the second cultivating is carried out; the third deep cultivating is carried out during the branching period, and The roots should be cultivated and the cultivating should be carried out until the ridge is closed. The depth of cultivating should master the principle of shallow-deep-shallow. (5), timely irrigation, drainage and flood control: mung bean is a crop that requires more water, is not resistant to flooding, and is afraid of flooding. The mung bean seedling stage has stronger drought resistance and less water requirement; the flower pod stage is the peak period of water demand. At this time, in case of drought, it should be timely flooded. But mung beans are afraid of being afraid of flooding. If the water is too much during the seedling stage, the root disease will be aggravated, causing the dead roots to die. In the later stage, the plants grew poorly, premature aging, flower pods fell off, and yield decreased. Therefore, mung beans should be drained and stained during the rainy season.
7. Implement scientific planting methods, do a good job of efficient planting, increase production and increase income.
Using mung bean with short growth period, insensitivity to light, shading, long planting time, and nitrogen-fixing and fertilization of root nodules, sowing mung beans in wheat and other crops or vegetables, melons, or high-crop crops The slow-growing crops such as corn, cotton, sweet potato, and yellow tobacco intercropped or mixed in the early stage, making full use of the natural resources such as light, temperature, water, and soil on the unit land area, and collecting more land, increasing production and increasing income. Raise the land.
8, the implementation of the crop
Mung beans avoid continuous cropping. Because of continuous pests and diseases, poor quality, and inhibiting the development of rhizobium due to the proliferation of harmful microorganisms, the farmer has the saying that "the beans are adjusted year by year and the annual output is high." At the same time, mung bean is also an important fertilizer crop, and it is an excellent forehead of cereals. Therefore, it is better to plant mung beans to arrange the land reasonably, and to implement crop rotation. It is better to have cereal crops such as corn, sorghum, and wheat, which are generally separated by 2 to 3 years.
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