Beware of citrus soot

Citrus orange disease often occurs in citrus production areas in southern Shaanxi, and individual citrus orchards are very serious. It is one of the major diseases that affect the yield and quality of citrus. The author found that in the recent investigation of the damage of pests and diseases in citrus orchards, Some citrus orchard sooty diseases have aggravating trends. If they are not controlled in time, there will be dead trees and destroyed gardens. It is worth our attention.

Soot damage leaves, branches and young fruit. The disease damages the leaves, resulting in gray-black coal pollution on the leaves, affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, causing the tree vigor to weaken, causing damage to the young fruits, causing the young fruit to rot and fall off, damaging the ripe fruit, causing fruit color, taste acid, and commodity fruit rate decline.

In the early stage of the disease, a dark brown mold layer was formed on the surface of the affected area, and then gradually expanded to form soot-like moldy layer. Black moldy spots or hair-like protrusions were scattered on the moldy layer, and the moldy layer could be peeled off and peeled off by hand. After the branches are still green. There are many pathogenic bacteria in the disease, the most common is Citrus spp. of the ascomycete subphylum. The pathogens use mycelia, ascospora shells, and conidia to overwinter in the diseased part, and in the spring, they spread by wind and rain and use aphids and scale insects. The secretion of whiteflies grows, reproduces, and repeats for nutrition.

The key to the prevention and control of this disease lies in the control of pests such as aphids, scale insects and whiteflies. Can be controlled by the following ways:

First, strengthen the management of orchards to increase tree vigor and improve the resistance of trees. Through scientific formula fertilization and reasonable pruning, the orchard is ventilated and lighted, and the wet conditions of the orchard are improved, which is not conducive to the reproduction of pathogens.

Second, the prevention and control of pests and diseases enhance locusts, scale insects, whitefly and other sucking mouthparts pest control, cut off the bacteria nutrition source, you can effectively control the occurrence of the disease.

Third, rinse with water in a convenient citrus garden, you can use every other month to wash the affected leaves and branches with water, helping to reduce the degree of disease.

Fourth, pruning clean garden in the winter pruning, remove diseased branches and leaves hanging in the tree of the disease, the concentrated out of the orange orchard and burned, reducing the source of germs the following year.

V. Timely prevention and control In the early stage of early spring disease, the infected part can be sprayed with the dextran or 0.5% lime excess Bordeaux mixture to suppress the spread of the disease.

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