First, avoid shallow nitrogen fertilizer because nitrogen fertilizer application in the shallow layer, after exposure to sunlight, it is easy to make the nitrogen decomposition and volatilization, in particular, the volatility of ammonium bicarbonate is particularly prominent. Therefore, we must change the habit of surface application and take a deep-seated approach to prevent the volatilization of nitrogen. Second, avoiding single application of a chemical fertilizer Single application of a chemical fertilizer will result in destruction of the soil aggregate structure, hard texture, causing the soil to become acid or alkali, seriously undermine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. And applying a chemical fertilizer alone will also affect the reproductive activities of soil beneficial microorganisms. Therefore, a rational formula fertilization should be used to achieve a mixture of organic fertilizers. 3. Avoid using ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate in greenhouses or greenhouses. Because the greenhouse environment is in a high temperature and closed growth environment, these two kinds of fertilizers are very easy to evaporate under high temperature and closed conditions. The higher the temperature is, the faster ammonia volatilizes and volatilizes. The more the amount, this will make ammonia gas smoked plants affect normal growth. Fourth, avoid excessive use of high concentrations of fertilizers Neither nitrogen fertilizer nor organic fertilizer should not be over-concentrated at one time, such as urea nitrogen up to 46%, if a dose is too large, the concentration is too high, it will make crop roots appear The “backward suction†phenomenon caused damage to the roots and the death of rotten roots. It is necessary to grasp the fertilization principle of "a small number of meals" for stable application of skill. 5. Avoid use of any two kinds of fertilizers that are not mixed according to the nature of the fertilizer. For example, for some “ammonium nitrogen†fertilizers, avoid using alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime, and phosphate fertilizers; ammonium bicarbonate should not be mixed with human waste. Application, if used in combination, will accelerate the volatilization of nitrogen, fertilizer efficiency loss is more severe. 6. Avoid application of excessive nitrogen fertilizer to leguminous plants. Legumes such as soybeans, peanuts, mung beans and other roots are all borne by rhizobia. If the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is too much, too much, it will directly affect nodules. The nitrogen-fixing activity of the bacteria results in a decrease in nitrogen fixation performance. If you want to apply it, you can only add a little amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at the same time, to play a role in the balance of fertilizer effects. Seven, avoid excessive application of chlorinated fertilizer in sensitive crops such as some chlorinated fertilizer sensitive crops - tobacco, oranges, potatoes, grapes, etc., should not be overdose with a chlorinated fertilizer. Otherwise, it will be counterproductive, but will affect the normal growth of plants, and even lead to reduced production, affecting the quality of tobacco and starchy crops containing sugar. VIII. Avoid application of pesticides or surface fertilizers. Phosphorus is very mobile in soil. Shallow application (sprinkling, surface treatment) is particularly easy to be fixed by soil adsorption and greatly reduces the fertilizer efficiency of phosphorus. Nine, avoid noon at noon for spraying fertilizer outside the roots because of the high temperature at noon, not only after spraying fast evaporation, and fertilizer in the crop surface (leaves, branches) is not easy to be retained, it is difficult to be quickly absorbed by the pore lenticel, fertilizer effect is not easy Play well. The best fertilization time should work best in the evening or in the morning. Ten, avoid heavy rainfall before the fertilization This is because after fertilization case of heavy rain or showers, fertilizer can easily be washed out by the rain caused by nutrient loss, especially the strong water-soluble urea, superphosphate and other nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer but also more scientific and reasonable topdressing.
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