Fertilizer is the material basis for high cotton yield. Fertilization on-demand is the highest principle for cotton fertilization. Fertilization in different cotton fields should be different. The conditions should be measured soil fertilization, according to the soil available nutrient content and high cotton production needs, determine what fertilizer and fertilization. However, at present, most of the regions cannot do this. During the recent work in the countryside, the author learned that: Generally, 50 kg of “three 15%†compound fertilizers are used in Mushi, which is extremely unreasonable. It not only increases the cost, but also cannot meet the requirements. The high cotton production needs should be improved according to local conditions.
For most cotton fields in the north, the amount of potash fertilizer should be increased and the amount of phosphate fertilizer should be reduced. The nitrogen fertilizer is mainly used for top dressing, or the formula fertilizer with “high potassium, low phosphorus, and medium nitrogen†should be used. If you have already prepared the same amount of N and P compound fertilizer, the amount per acre should not exceed 25 kg, and then add 12.5 kg of potash as base fertilizer; another 15 kg of urea will be used as top dressing, which is more reasonable. And when applying base fertilizer, it must be turned into the soil, the deeper the better, as far as possible to reduce losses, give full play to the fertilizer effect.
At present, most of the cotton fields have not been cultivated. The author believes that the following measures should be taken to apply good base fertilizers:
First, before the ploughing, some existing cotton farmers are transporting farmyard fertilizers to the cotton fields. The fertilizer applied at the end can be sprinkled on the surface before the ploughing, and they are turned into the ground together with the farmyard manure. The advantage is that it can be applied deeper, applied to evenly, with less loss of nutrients, and can be absorbed and utilized in the cotton roots distributed throughout.
Second, sowing time on the planter to install fertilizer devices, and sowing at the same time, in front of sowing fertilizer, applied in the middle of two rows of cotton, deep application of 8 to 10 cm, behind the seed. The advantage is that it is labor-saving, with concentrated fertilizers, low nutrient losses, and rapid use of seedlings. Because the fertilizer is applied before the seeds germinate, it can still be considered as a base fertilizer. Guoxin Seed Farm has used 80,000 mu of breeding farms.
3. Before planting, apply a line spacing and number of rows before inserting the seeds for planting. Insert a mark and apply a row of fertilizer to the middle of the reserved two rows of cotton. Deeply apply 10 centimeters or more, and then sow. The advantage is fertilizer application. Deep and low loss.
4. Rotary tillage before application If you do not plow and use rotary tillage, you can spread the fertilizer on the surface before rotating tillage, but you should try to spin till the depth is about 15 centimeters. The disadvantage of this fertilization is that there are also some fertilizers in the upper dry soil, and there is a loss of nutrients. Mostly avoid the shallow rotation after fertilization, so that most of the fertilizer left in the soil, nutrient loss is too large.
Irrespective of the fertilization before or in front of the arable land, ploughing can be carried out and watering can be achieved. According to the irrigation volume of 60-80 cubic meters per mu, the water depth is 9-12 cm, and the fertilizer will be stored in the soil layer of 1 meter depth, which can be used by cotton roots.
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