The feeding phase of the Cherry Valley Duck includes three stages: ducklings (0 to 4 weeks old), bred ducks (5 to 25 weeks old), and laying ducks (26 weeks old to elimination). What are the key technologies in each stage of feeding management? The author according to practice, talk about their own views.
1 Key technologies for rearing young ducklings
1 Creating suitable environmental conditions The environmental conditions for feeding ducklings include temperature, humidity, ventilation, and light. Of these four conditions, the most critical is temperature, followed by humidity. The temperature requirements are: 1 to 3 days of age 30°C to 28°C, 4 to 7 days of age 28°C to 26°C, 8 to 11 days of age 26°C to 24°C, 12 to 16 days of age 24°C to 22°C, 16 ~ 21 days old 22 °C ~ 18 °C, 21 ~ 28 days old 18 °C ~ 15 °C. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the growth and development of ducks, causing frailty and even death. A duck is a waterfowl, but the humidity cannot be too large. If the humidity is too high, it will affect the digestion and absorption of the feed, causing "rottenness". At the same time, molds and Other pathogenic bacteria will multiply and cause disease. Within one week, relative humidity should be controlled at 60%, and relative humidity should be lower during the second week.
1.2 The proper boiling of water and the start of eating ducklings should be carried out before eating. Sweat usually starts about 24 hours after the shell is hatched. Feeding commonly used ducklings pellets, free intake of 1 to 3 weeks old. Due to the fast growth of meat ducks, it is easy to cause overweight. Therefore, in the fourth week, it is necessary to control feed feeding and limit rearing.
1.3 do a good job of management work Duckling management should pay attention to grouping, each group is appropriate to 300, according to size, strength and weakness every other week to adjust. At the same time, attention should be paid to the management of temperature, water discharge, and sanitation. Timely excrement, diligence for grass, to maintain the surrounding environment.
2 Key Techniques for Breeding Duck Rearing The key technology for rearing ducks lies in controlling body weight, improving uniformity, and controlling the age of production. For this reason, it is necessary to restrict breeding and carry out reasonable lighting.
2.1 Methods for limiting rearing of rearing ducks Methods for limiting rearing of rearing ducks include three methods: daily limit, daily limit, and daily limit. The daily limit is to feed the limited amount of feed each day in the evening. The crude protein level of the diet can be maintained at about 1.5% and the metabolic energy is 11.72 MJ/kg. Feeding on the next day will limit the amount of feed that is limited for two days on the first day, and will only supply water on the second day. In this way, the amount of feed that is fed at one time is more, and ducks can feed enough feed. It is easy to improve the uniformity of the ducks. The daily limit is to limit the quality of the diet and reduce the nutritional level. The crude protein in the diet is reduced to 12% to 13%, and the metabolic energy is reduced to 10.87 MJ/kg, but calcium, phosphorus, trace elements and vitamins are guaranteed. The amount needed. In this field, more than two methods are used every other day for limited-feeding and daily limit-feeding.
2.2 Weight control of bred ducks Weight control of bred ducks was conducted by restricting rearing. Weight control is within 10% of the standard body weight. Cherry valley duck parental standard body weight can refer to the relevant information. In order to understand the weight of the duck, it is required to weigh once a week. When weighing, 50 to 100 ducks were randomly selected and weighed to find their average body weight. If the average body weight conforms to the standard body weight, they should be fed according to the standard amount of material. If the average body weight exceeds the standard body weight, feed according to the amount of the previous week. If the average body weight is lower than the standard body weight, the amount of material may be appropriately increased, but it is not advisable to increase too much to ensure that the standard weight can be reached after 3 to 4 weeks.
2.3 Restricted feeding for broiler ducks should pay attention to matters In the restricted feeding process, attention should be paid to the following aspects: Before the restriction of feeding, the frail and thin should be singled out, and the feeding and management should be strengthened so as to reach the body of the whole group duck; Ensure that each duck has enough feeding position and drinking position to ensure that ducks can feed and drink; regularly weigh and adjust the amount of feed according to body weight; when it is found that the duck group is sick, feed restriction should be stopped until the duck group recovers After the normal feeding limit; frequent observation of ducks, if found that the growth and development of those who stop feeding, when the weight reaches the standards and then limit feeding; often check the quality of feed, must not use moldy feed.
2.4 Calculation of the uniformity of bred ducks In order for ducks to grow neatly, the uniformity of ducks should be calculated weekly or every other week. The method is: Take 60 ducks, and then weigh and record one by one, calculate the average weight of 60 ducks, and then calculate the weight range of the average body weight of 10%, calculate the number of 10% average weight range, divided by 60 , you can get evenness. Uniformity requirements exceed 80%. The higher the uniformity, the higher the egg production.
2.5 Illumination of rearing ducks Illumination control methods for young ducks and reared ducks are the same as the illumination control of chickens. They require that the light duration be kept constant or gradually decreased every day, and cannot be increased every day. Otherwise, the laying eggs will advance and affect the production of eggs. Each farm can make its own according to the duck entering season. In addition, there is a nightly dark light.
3 Key Techniques for Feeding Duck Production
3.1 Pay attention to the feeding method. At the age of 24 weeks, change the rearing material into duck feed and increase the amount of feed by 10%. When the ducks produce the first egg, add 15% to the original amount. The amount of material, when the egg production rate reaches 5%, can be changed to free feeding until the end of the production of eggs.
3.2 Attention to the supply of crude protein The duck has a higher requirement for crude protein during the egg production period. The crude protein in the diet should reach 17% to 18%, and the supply of vitamins and trace elements should be satisfied.
3.3 Note that the lighting time should be increased from the age of 24 weeks, to the peak of the production of eggs to achieve 16 to 17 hours of light per day, night still use dark night light, in order to feed and lay eggs. After the establishment of the lighting system can not be arbitrarily changed.
3.4 Keeping the Environment Quiet, Regular Life The duck's egg production time is concentrated at 2 to 4 o'clock in the evening, and some ducks can lay eggs at 5 to 6 o'clock in the morning. Therefore, the house is kept quiet and ducks are released after 6 o'clock in the morning.
3.5 Check the health of the duck to ensure the health of the duck, the ratio of male to female, and the quality of semen are the main factors affecting the fertility rate. Therefore, the public health status of the duck should be checked regularly and the sick or sick male ducks should be singled out in time. The male-female ratio should be guaranteed to be 1:8, if the male duck has too little fertilization rate. Check the quality of the drake's semen regularly and if it is found that the quality of the semen is poor, it should be eliminated in time.
1 Key technologies for rearing young ducklings
1 Creating suitable environmental conditions The environmental conditions for feeding ducklings include temperature, humidity, ventilation, and light. Of these four conditions, the most critical is temperature, followed by humidity. The temperature requirements are: 1 to 3 days of age 30°C to 28°C, 4 to 7 days of age 28°C to 26°C, 8 to 11 days of age 26°C to 24°C, 12 to 16 days of age 24°C to 22°C, 16 ~ 21 days old 22 °C ~ 18 °C, 21 ~ 28 days old 18 °C ~ 15 °C. If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the growth and development of ducks, causing frailty and even death. A duck is a waterfowl, but the humidity cannot be too large. If the humidity is too high, it will affect the digestion and absorption of the feed, causing "rottenness". At the same time, molds and Other pathogenic bacteria will multiply and cause disease. Within one week, relative humidity should be controlled at 60%, and relative humidity should be lower during the second week.
1.2 The proper boiling of water and the start of eating ducklings should be carried out before eating. Sweat usually starts about 24 hours after the shell is hatched. Feeding commonly used ducklings pellets, free intake of 1 to 3 weeks old. Due to the fast growth of meat ducks, it is easy to cause overweight. Therefore, in the fourth week, it is necessary to control feed feeding and limit rearing.
1.3 do a good job of management work Duckling management should pay attention to grouping, each group is appropriate to 300, according to size, strength and weakness every other week to adjust. At the same time, attention should be paid to the management of temperature, water discharge, and sanitation. Timely excrement, diligence for grass, to maintain the surrounding environment.
2 Key Techniques for Breeding Duck Rearing The key technology for rearing ducks lies in controlling body weight, improving uniformity, and controlling the age of production. For this reason, it is necessary to restrict breeding and carry out reasonable lighting.
2.1 Methods for limiting rearing of rearing ducks Methods for limiting rearing of rearing ducks include three methods: daily limit, daily limit, and daily limit. The daily limit is to feed the limited amount of feed each day in the evening. The crude protein level of the diet can be maintained at about 1.5% and the metabolic energy is 11.72 MJ/kg. Feeding on the next day will limit the amount of feed that is limited for two days on the first day, and will only supply water on the second day. In this way, the amount of feed that is fed at one time is more, and ducks can feed enough feed. It is easy to improve the uniformity of the ducks. The daily limit is to limit the quality of the diet and reduce the nutritional level. The crude protein in the diet is reduced to 12% to 13%, and the metabolic energy is reduced to 10.87 MJ/kg, but calcium, phosphorus, trace elements and vitamins are guaranteed. The amount needed. In this field, more than two methods are used every other day for limited-feeding and daily limit-feeding.
2.2 Weight control of bred ducks Weight control of bred ducks was conducted by restricting rearing. Weight control is within 10% of the standard body weight. Cherry valley duck parental standard body weight can refer to the relevant information. In order to understand the weight of the duck, it is required to weigh once a week. When weighing, 50 to 100 ducks were randomly selected and weighed to find their average body weight. If the average body weight conforms to the standard body weight, they should be fed according to the standard amount of material. If the average body weight exceeds the standard body weight, feed according to the amount of the previous week. If the average body weight is lower than the standard body weight, the amount of material may be appropriately increased, but it is not advisable to increase too much to ensure that the standard weight can be reached after 3 to 4 weeks.
2.3 Restricted feeding for broiler ducks should pay attention to matters In the restricted feeding process, attention should be paid to the following aspects: Before the restriction of feeding, the frail and thin should be singled out, and the feeding and management should be strengthened so as to reach the body of the whole group duck; Ensure that each duck has enough feeding position and drinking position to ensure that ducks can feed and drink; regularly weigh and adjust the amount of feed according to body weight; when it is found that the duck group is sick, feed restriction should be stopped until the duck group recovers After the normal feeding limit; frequent observation of ducks, if found that the growth and development of those who stop feeding, when the weight reaches the standards and then limit feeding; often check the quality of feed, must not use moldy feed.
2.4 Calculation of the uniformity of bred ducks In order for ducks to grow neatly, the uniformity of ducks should be calculated weekly or every other week. The method is: Take 60 ducks, and then weigh and record one by one, calculate the average weight of 60 ducks, and then calculate the weight range of the average body weight of 10%, calculate the number of 10% average weight range, divided by 60 , you can get evenness. Uniformity requirements exceed 80%. The higher the uniformity, the higher the egg production.
2.5 Illumination of rearing ducks Illumination control methods for young ducks and reared ducks are the same as the illumination control of chickens. They require that the light duration be kept constant or gradually decreased every day, and cannot be increased every day. Otherwise, the laying eggs will advance and affect the production of eggs. Each farm can make its own according to the duck entering season. In addition, there is a nightly dark light.
3 Key Techniques for Feeding Duck Production
3.1 Pay attention to the feeding method. At the age of 24 weeks, change the rearing material into duck feed and increase the amount of feed by 10%. When the ducks produce the first egg, add 15% to the original amount. The amount of material, when the egg production rate reaches 5%, can be changed to free feeding until the end of the production of eggs.
3.2 Attention to the supply of crude protein The duck has a higher requirement for crude protein during the egg production period. The crude protein in the diet should reach 17% to 18%, and the supply of vitamins and trace elements should be satisfied.
3.3 Note that the lighting time should be increased from the age of 24 weeks, to the peak of the production of eggs to achieve 16 to 17 hours of light per day, night still use dark night light, in order to feed and lay eggs. After the establishment of the lighting system can not be arbitrarily changed.
3.4 Keeping the Environment Quiet, Regular Life The duck's egg production time is concentrated at 2 to 4 o'clock in the evening, and some ducks can lay eggs at 5 to 6 o'clock in the morning. Therefore, the house is kept quiet and ducks are released after 6 o'clock in the morning.
3.5 Check the health of the duck to ensure the health of the duck, the ratio of male to female, and the quality of semen are the main factors affecting the fertility rate. Therefore, the public health status of the duck should be checked regularly and the sick or sick male ducks should be singled out in time. The male-female ratio should be guaranteed to be 1:8, if the male duck has too little fertilization rate. Check the quality of the drake's semen regularly and if it is found that the quality of the semen is poor, it should be eliminated in time.
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