I. Preparation before sericulture
1. Before every batch of sericulture, it is necessary to clean and disinfect the silkworm room, leaf chamber and all sericulture equipment. In the sorghum period, silkworm baskets, films, silkworm nets, leaf baskets and woven bags for leaf feeding, indoor shoes, and sterilizers are mainly used.
2, with plenty of fresh lime. Generally, each batch of silkworm needs 30 kilograms of lime for each batch. When the humidity is high, the dosage should be increased.
3. The sericulture personnel who have been exposed to silkworm sand, the former batch of large silkworms, silkworm cocoons, cluster tools, and pesticides should bathe and change clothes before taking the silkworm to ensure their own cleanliness and hygiene.
Second, leading small silkworm
1, in order to reduce the silkworm body when the silkworm crushing, require the sericulture household with a good disinfection of silkworm to lead the silkworm, each silkworm silkworm 5-8 can be.
2, mulching appropriate amount of mulberry leaves, each cell is about 0.5-1 kg of small silkworm, led the first child to feed the leaves of silkworm, after 10 minutes to catch silkworm. It is lighter to catch silkworms.
3, to listen to the arrangements of managers of the breeding room, in order to lead the silkworm, to avoid chaos due to silkworm.
4. During the process of silkworm transportation, it is necessary to avoid the sun, rain, boring, h, violent turbulence and exposure to pesticides, dirt and so on.
5. Immediately after returning to the silkworm room, use silkworms to spread out the silkworm eggs and evenly hold the silkworms. Spread a layer of fresh lime powder on the silkworms, and then feed the leaves. If you want to go back to the ground, you must sprinkle a layer of lime powder on the default silkworm seat or lay a clean, sterilized film, and then place a silkworm cymbal.
Third, rearing
1, mining, storage mulberry leaves. If there is no rain, if you feed three leaves a day, you are asked to take one leaf for feeding in the morning after the dew is dry, and use the mulberry leaf for feeding in the evening and the next morning in the afternoon and evening. To avoid collecting leaves at noon in strong sunlight, do not use water leaves. On rainy days, efforts should be made to accelerate the collection of leaves when the mulberry leaves are dry. In the event of rain all day, leaves are collected when the leaves of mulberry leaves are relatively small, and the amount of leaf collected is reduced by one third to one half of the normal leaf volume. Mulberry leaf storage should have special leaf chambers, and the leaf chambers should be arranged in the most easily disinfected and least contaminated rooms. The collected mulberry leaves should be properly kept, and the leaves should be shaken loosely and then put on a pad with a disinfectant film or a damp cloth. Do not make the fever, and do not allow the mulberry leaves to dry out excessively. Wet leaves should be spread as soon as possible after drying and feeding silkworms, leaf chamber doors and windows open to enhance ventilation.
2, uniform silkworm. Before every feeding of silkworms, first check the density of silkworms. Generally, it is required to reserve two heads of silkworms of the same size for each head of silkworm. To increase the density of heads of silkworms, we must take silkworms to enlarge silkworms, and the density of silkworm heads is uneven. To artificially sparse the heads of silkworms, we must do a well-distributed work.
3, feed the leaves. Feed the silkworm 3-4 times a day. Before feeding silkworms, the mulberry leaves should be fluffy and loose, and the heat should be fully removed. The leaves cannot be directly fed. Each time the thickness of the leaves is evenly distributed, the amount of leaves is controlled to be not hungry and no mulberry leaf is wasted. In case of special weather conditions, if you need to feed wet leaves, you can feed thinly, but use fresh lime powder and pay attention to ventilation. Do not feed dew leaves or feed fermented leaves.
4, sleep from processing. When a silkworm is found, the amount of leaf to be fed is reduced. When a quarter of silkworms enters sleep, they need to cut leaves to feed silkworms. If the sleep is not uniform, then most of the silkworms will lay their eggs in silkworms after they sleep. A layer of lime powder was placed under the net, and the leaves on the Internet were brought up without retrieving silkworms. The nets were used to separate the leaves from the rest of the silkworms. The eggs could not be hungry for sleep. When the larvae are almost awake and crawling, they can feed. Foraging is better with thin feeding. After the fifth instar second leaf is full, it can remove sand. Place a layer of fresh lime powder on the ground. For example, if the fourth instar has been placed in the ground, the sand will be removed after the fifth instar of the second lobe has been fed.
5, Jamsil climate regulation. The temperature is required to be 23-26 °C. The large silkworm is afraid of hot stuff. It requires the silkworm to have a good air flow, but it cannot let the strong wind blow the silkworms. Can not let the sun silkworm.
Fourth, prevent disease, prevent poisoning
1. It is necessary to insist on leaf washing and sericulture tools before they are cleaned and disinfected. Unsterilized items cannot be placed in leaf chambers and silkworm chambers. Before disposing leaves and feeding silkworms, after removing sand, and catching sick silkworms, use hand sanitizer to disinfect the hands; the liquid medicine used for disinfecting must ensure effective concentration, such as using bleaching powder, generally buy back the bleaching powder and pour the water into each catty (first use A small amount of water is transferred into a paste, plus a sufficient amount of water) 20-25 pounds (using silkworm silkworm for disinfection) or 30-35 pounds (for washing hands). With the extension of the storage time, the volume of watered water must be reduced, and it has recovered. The bleaching powder with too low effective chlorine concentration can no longer be used as a disinfection for silkworms.
2. Disinfection steps: (1) Clean the silkworm chambers and leaf chambers. Garbage must be burned centrally or piled together with silkworm sand; (2) Disinfect with a disinfecting liquid, spray the floor, walls and ceiling to keep it moist for half an hour. (3) clean; (4) repeat the disinfection with a disinfectant once, close the doors and windows for 1-2 hours, open the doors and windows to dry the standby; (5) disinfection of utensils: first clean, then use the disinfectant to dip or drench After being soaked, it shall be placed in a sterilized silkworm room or leaf chamber; (6) The peripheral environment and living area roads and benches of the silkworm chamber leaf chamber, especially the silkworm gutter drain, shall be disinfected immediately after the silkworm eggs are sterilized.
3, access to leaves, silkworm room must change shoes, not barefoot into the room, the shoes should often be cleaned and disinfected.
4. Sprinkle fresh lime powder at least once a day on silkworms, usually before feeding silkworms in the morning.
5. If dead silkworms are found to be sick, they should be picked out in a prepared lime tank in time, and chickens, ducks, etc. cannot be fed, and fresh lime powder is immediately sprinkled in the place where the dead silkworms are found.
6, add silkworms with antibiotics, such as silkworm silkworm with Norfloxacin (flumic acid) each drug can be cold water 0.5-0.8 kg, wet silkworm after feeding wet silkworm, generally after the children can be recovered Add food once and add one more meal at noon the next day. In dry weather, the number of foods added can be increased. When the humidity is high, the number of added foods can be reduced and lime can be used more.
7. Cluster tools should be piled in a dedicated place, and the pathogens on the clusters should not be brought to the leaf chamber and the silkworm room due to insects, rats, wind, or artificial factors.
8. Mulberry pests should be used for pesticides with good safety against silkworms, such as dichlorvos, dimethoate, etc., and pesticides with long residual effect such as chrysanthemum or similar chrysanthemum lipids cannot be used. If you use pesticides around the mulberry or mulberry fields, you must pick up a small amount of mulberry leaves that are considered to be the most dangerous and try to feed a small amount of larvae. After confirming that they are safe and non-toxic, you must formally feed the silkworms. When picking leaves, they should avoid contact with pesticides.
9, can not be placed near the silkworm room and doors and windows pesticides, but also to avoid the smell of pesticides into the silkworm chamber.
10. If pesticide poisoning is found, but it is not very serious, lime powder can be immediately sprinkled on the silkworm seat, and doors and windows can be fully opened to increase ventilation and identify the source of poison; if organophosphorus pesticide poisoning can be added to food and Body spray atropine, each drug half a catty watered, or add 5 pounds of water to add phosphorus and add water and add body spray.
Fifth, rationally on the cluster
On the cluster of silkworms should be suitable cooked old silkworm, the standard is translucent chest, abdomen back yellowish, visible at the end of the anus can be seen 2-3 pieces of feces. Grab low on the cluster.
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