Summer is the peak season for pest infestations, making it a critical time for effective prevention and control. Unfortunately, this period also sees frequent cases of crop damage from pesticides and poisoning incidents in livestock and poultry due to improper pesticide use. To ensure the safe production of vegetables during summer, reduce pest damage, lower pesticide residues, and guarantee food safety, the following recommendations are proposed:
First, closely monitor the activity of summer vegetable pests. Insects like *Spodoptera litura* and *Spodoptera exigua* become active during this season, primarily affecting cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, broccoli, and Chinese cabbage, as well as legumes, melons, and other crops. Field observations show that these larvae tend to cluster when young, but by the third instar stage, they disperse and cause more severe damage. Based on climate conditions, farming practices, and population data, it's expected that these pests will be widespread across the country from late July to early August.
Second, prioritize eco-friendly pest management techniques. One effective method is the use of trapping technologies, such as insect attractants, Oriental fruit moth lamps, black light traps, and sweet-vinegar pots. In areas like Cixi, Ningbo, and Wenzhou, the use of Oriental fruit moth lamps has proven highly effective in reducing moth populations. These methods should be promoted in concentrated vegetable-growing regions.
Another approach is the use of insect-proof nets and coverings. Greenhouses can be fully covered with insect nets, while roof membranes and side covers can help prevent pests from entering. During hot weather, shade nets can be used, and water sprays can be increased to maintain optimal growing conditions.
Manual removal of eggs and damaged leaves is also an effective strategy. Since young larvae of *Spodoptera litura* and *Spodoptera exigua* tend to cluster, regular field inspections allow for timely removal and disposal of eggs and infested leaves, preventing further spread.
Lastly, promote the use of bio-pesticides and low-toxicity, low-residue chemical pesticides. During the egg-hatching and early larval stages, options like Bt 500 times dilution, 1% Emamectin Benzoate 3000–4000 times, or 20% Chlorfenapyr EC 1500 times can be applied. It’s important to rotate pesticides to enhance effectiveness and delay resistance development. In high temperatures, avoid over-concentrating the solution, and apply treatments in the early morning or evening for better results. Spraying every 5–7 days, with 2–3 applications, ensures sustained control.
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