First, the training and planting of test tube seedlings 1. To increase the survival rate of Phalaenopsis test tube seedlings, the first test tube seedling must be strong. Before the test-tube seedlings must be bottled, the seedlings must be cultivated. When there are three leaves in the test-tube seedlings, they should be scattered in the sunlight and evenly irradiated for about 20 days so that the test-tube seedlings can grow more robustly and can adapt to external environmental conditions more quickly after being bottled. . 2. Be careful when the bottle is out of the bottle. Take a small amount of water in the bottle and gently shake the bottle. After the solid medium shakes and loosens, remove the blue seedlings with a long scorpion to minimize damage to Langen and Lan. leaf. 3. After the bottle seedlings are planted out, they are planted with white transparent, air-permeable small plastic pots with a diameter of 5 cm and a small plastic pot. The substrate is preferably made of water-moss, and a small amount of small crushed bricks are placed on the bottom to allow the water to breathe. Before planting, the substrate should be disinfected first. The sphagnum moss should not be too wet or too dry. The simple method is to use hand-grip without water. The sphagnum should not be too tight when planting, nor should it be too loose, because too tight is not conducive to the communication of Langen. Permeability, Tai Songlan strains are not stable and the water moss absorbs too much water and can easily cause rot. Can not be planted too deep to reveal the blue stem base is appropriate. 4. Change basins According to the growth of orchid seedlings, change basins in time. When the orchid roots are filled with flower pots, it can be changed to facilitate the growth of the plants. Generally 4-6 months after the bottle is used, a white transparent plastic basin with a diameter of 8 cm is used for the first time to change the basin, 10-12 months later to change the basin once, and a white transparent plastic basin with a diameter of 12 cm is used. When changing the basin, it is necessary to cut off the rot and the diseased leaves. If the matrix is ​​still better, the original matrix can be retained. Add only some matrix on the periphery and do not injure the orchid root. Second, the cultivation and management 1. Temperature and temperature is appropriate or not is the key to the growth of Phalaenopsis. The optimum growth temperature is between 18°C ​​and 28°C, and the absolute low temperature should not be lower than 10°C. Otherwise, it will be susceptible to freezing injury and defoliation. The flower buds will turn yellow and fall off, and the whole plant will rot and die. Large-scale cultivation of Phalaenopsis must have a greenhouse in order to survive the winter. When the temperature exceeds 30°C in the summer, the orchids will be in a semi-dormant state. Excessive watering will cause rot in the roots, stems and leaves of the plants. Therefore, in the cultivation of Phalaenopsis, cold winter and spring, there must be insulation facilities, such as capping film, heating in the shed with a heater, etc., to prevent freezing injury; cool summer to take cooling measures, such as in the shed Spray cold water at the top, pour ice water under the flower stand, etc., and blow with a fan to achieve the cooling effect. Phalaenopsis during growth, the daytime temperature should be between 25 °C -28 °C, while the best night between 18 °C -25 °C. In winter dormancy, the temperature of not less than 10 °C, not only will not produce frost damage to the phalaenopsis, which will help its flower bud differentiation, and promote the spring to bloom flowers. 2. Light shines in its place of origin. Phalaenopsis is a typical shade-tolerant plant. However, it should not be overly deterrence. Otherwise, the growth of the plants will be weak, and the leaves will be dark green and long, the leaves will be drooping, the flowering will be difficult, and diseases and insect pests will easily occur. Therefore, a certain amount of scattered light is required, with seedlings ranging from 10,000 to 15,000 lux, and seedlings and large seedlings ranging from 12,000 to 20,000 lux. Appropriate light, high photosynthetic efficiency, conducive to the growth of orchids, leaves can be bright green, leaf hypertrophy, leaves firm, robust plants and promote flowering. However, it cannot be exposed to the sun, and intense light will cause burns to the leaves. In the summer and autumn, the growth period is shaded by 50% to 70%, and shading is appropriate in spring and winter. To maintain uniform lighting throughout the shed, the plants are well-proportioned, such as some corners due to uneven illumination caused by plant growth, we must always adjust the direction of blue plants. 3. Mosquito Phalaenopsis requires high air humidity for growth, and maintains a humidity of 80% to 90% during the growth period, which is the best effect. In the bud differentiation period of phalaenopsis orchid, it is necessary to control the moisture, which is conducive to flower bud differentiation. When watering, it should be avoided to leave water in the leaves. Especially in the cold winter, the mesophyll tissues in the stagnant water can be easily frozen and cause leaf rot. Therefore, after watering in winter, if there are water droplets on the leaves, they must be wiped dry. In the spring and summer growing season, it should be watered once or sprayed 2-3 times a day. In the rainy season when the air is wet, watering should be less. In winter, watering can be reduced to 2-5 days, and spraying can be stopped. In principle, the substrate can be kept wet. Phalaenopsis has strong drought tolerance. When the winter temperature drops below 10°C, watering can be avoided to prevent freezing damage. Cultivation matrix can not be water, water can easily cause rot. 4. Fertilization is mainly based on chemical fertilizers. Commonly used fertilizers and some orchid special fertilizers, such as flower treasures, flowers and so on. With the principle of thin fertilizer and multiple application, the fertilizer applied to small seedlings should also be diluted to a large number of times in order to prevent fertilizer damage. The 1000-fold diluted solution was applied or sprayed 1-2 times per week in the high season, and the growth retardation period was once per month. 5. Ventilation Phalaenopsis is epiphytic blue, with aerial roots, aerial roots not only have respiration, but also can carry out photosynthesis, because its aerial root contains chlorophyll. Phalaenopsis requires extremely high ventilation and ventilation. The large-scale cultivation must place the blue seedlings on a flower stand about 50 cm from the ground. During the hot summer season, the fan must be used to blow the water. The orchid plant should not be too dense and keep the ventilation in the entire shed. , Phalaenopsis can grow well and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. 6. Flowering management The flower bud differentiation of Phalaenopsis is mainly affected by temperature. After high temperature in summer, it enters into autumn and the temperature is low in the evening, which can promote flower bud differentiation. The temperature difference between day and night is maintained at about 10°C. After about one and a half months, flower buds can be formed. When the flower buds are long To 8-10 cm, increase the temperature to 20 °C -28 °C, in order to facilitate the rapid growth of calyx. At this time, the temperature control flowering period can be adjusted according to need, but the temperature can not be higher than 30°C. In bud stage, if it is higher than 30°C for a long time, it will lead to mute flowers, that is, the development of flower buds is blocked, and the buds stop growing and dry up. . The temperature should not be too low. If it is lower than 15°C, flower buds will almost stop growing and even suffer from freezing injury. When the butterfly orchid branch is elongated, it can be inserted into the iron column to support it, or it can be curved as required. According to flower color and plant type, the pots can also be planted. When the pots are used, the original culture bags can be removed without damaging the orchid roots. After flowering, do not pour water on flowers. 3. Disease and Insect Pests Prevention Phalaenopsis flowers and leaves have high ornamental value. After being harmed by pests and diseases, the leaves leave spots and nicks, affecting the ornamental value and economic value of orchid plants. Therefore, the prevention and control of Phalaenopsis pests and diseases is an important part of the successful cultivation of Phalaenopsis. During the cultivation process, the key is to prevent and maintain the ventilation and transparence of Lanyuan Garden, adopt scientific cultivation measures, strengthen management and management, enhance plant resistance to disease, and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Once pests and diseases are detected, early spraying and control can receive good results.
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