Fruit growers often compare the effect of applying organic fertilizer to fruit trees in different seasons as "Autumn in autumn, winter in silver, and fertilization in spring is rotten iron." The same input, the same fertilizer, the time for fertilization changes, the effect is very different.
1, the benefits of autumn basal fertilizer (1) is conducive to fertilizer effect play autumn basal fertilizer, the temperature is higher, conducive to the maturity of organic fertilizer and nutrient release, fertilizer effect is easy to play. However, in spring and winter basal fertilization, due to cool weather and low temperature, the fertilizer effect cannot be quickly exerted, and when the fertiliser exerts its fertilizer effect, it often causes the secondary growth of fruit shoots, which is unfavorable for the formation of flower buds and results of fruit trees.
(2) It is beneficial to the winter basal fertilization of trees. It is the peak period of the third growth of fruit tree roots. At this time, the roots of fertilizing and ditching and digging holes will quickly heal and recover, and can promote new roots. In addition, at this time, the ability of roots to absorb water and fertilizers is strong, which increases the accumulation of nutrients in the tree body, increases the concentration of nutrients in tissue cells, and enhances the cold resistance of fruit trees. of.
(3) It is beneficial to the differentiation of flower buds to autumn basal fertilizer, fertilizers can be decomposed and transformed in winter and spring, and continuously release nutrients, and timely supply fruit trees to meet the nutrient needs of flower bud differentiation and fruiting of early flowering fruit trees in spring. Tests have shown that fruit-based basal fertilization can increase fruit setting rate by 7.8% compared with winter basal fertilization.
2, the method of autumn basal fertilizer autumn basal fertilizer from the fruit after harvest to the leaves can be carried out before should not be late as soon as possible. Fertilization time varies depending on the species and species. It is advisable to fertilize apples and pears before and after the autumnal equinox. Grapes, peaches, and cherries should be fertilized from the beginning of October until the soil is frozen. The earlier the fertilization, the better.
(1) The fertilization type is mainly composed of Mengding bio-organic fertilizer (fengmintong and fertilizer), combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and a certain amount of Mengding microbial compound fertilizer is applied in combination with fertilization.
(2) Fertilizing amount The amount of base fertilizer application depends on soil conditions, tree species and tree age. In general, the land in orchards on hilly or sloping land is infertile, and the amount of fertilizer should be large; the fertility in orchards on plain land can be reduced. Grapes require large amounts of fertilizer and should be applied more. Young and busy trees need less fertilizer and can be used less properly. The general young tree plant Shi Mending base fertilizer 2 kg + compound fertilizer 1.5 kg + Mongolia tripod microbial compound fertilizer agent 100 grams; the results of the tree Shi Meng Ding base fertilizer (Fengmin with fertilizer, fertilization, foliar fertilizer) 3.5 kg + Compound fertilizer 2 kg + Mengding microbial compound fertilizer with 100 grams.
(3) Fertilization method The absorption of fertilizers by fruit trees is mainly accomplished by root hairs in the root system. Fertilizing in the root hair area can increase the utilization rate of fertilizers and increase production and income. Under normal circumstances, the distribution range of horizontal roots is from 1 to 1.5 times the diameter of the crown of the fruit tree, but most of them are concentrated at the outer edge of the crown projection and are vertically distributed. There are differences in tree species, soil quality, and management levels. The roots of apple, peach, plum and other fruit trees generally have a shallow distribution of about 40 centimeters; pears, grapes, and other fruit trees have a deep root distribution of about 80 centimeters. Fertilization should be applied at the edge of the crown projection. Roots with deep distribution of fruit trees need to be properly deepened, and vice versa.
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