First, stock preparation
Irrespective of the rootstocks of Hazelnut or Hevea hybrids, the anvil can be used, ie the seedlings of Hazelnut or Hevea hybrids; the seedlings of Ping Hazel can also be used. Because Ping Hawthorn seedlings are easy to reproduce and have strong adaptability, Ping Hawthorn seedlings are often used as rootstocks.
Rootstock should be selected from 1 to 2 years old seedlings. General indoor grafting, rootstock base diameter 0.5 to 1. O cm is suitable; in grafting, the rootstock should be slightly thicker, preferably 0.7 to 1.5 cm. Otherwise, the rootstock should not be too thick and coarse to join the scion.
(1) Preparation of indoor rootstocks should be ready for grafting of rootstocks before winter. The rootstocks were first planted with wet sand. It is best to place the rootstock in a cellar and bury it in wet sand. Before transplanting into the room, cut the roots that are too long or have been damaged or damaged on the rootstock, and cut 10 cm above the root neck. Then, the well-trimmed rootstock is slanted into a wooden box filled with wet wood shavings to wake up, that is, each layer of rootstock is placed, and a layer of wet wood shavings is spread over it. The temperature in the box is maintained at 22°C to 25°C, and the humidity of sawdust is maintained at 55% to 60%. Under such conditions, awakening the rootstock can enable it to begin its physical activity as soon as possible, and facilitate healing as soon as possible after grafting. It takes about 5 days for the general rootstock to wake up. During this period, rootstock seedlings should be checked frequently to remove the germinating rhizomes and sprouts in time. After the rootstock wakes up, it can be grafted.
(2) Preparing the rootstock for grafting rootstocks In addition to cutting off the messy branches before grafting, and selecting an upright shoot with a smooth surface and a suitable thickness, the seedlings should be fully flooded once.
Second, scion clipping
(I) Selection of Scion The scion must be cut from the parent strains of superior varieties or superior lines. Select one-year-old shoots with moderate thickness and full shoots for scion. Excessive branches, thin branches, and pests and branches are not suitable for scion.
(b) The clipping period can be cut after falling leaves in autumn or before sprouting in early spring, but it is best to cut in spring.
(c) The scion cut and stored in the scion should be stored under wet conditions at 1°C to 3°C. In northern China, the scion can be stored in the vegetable cellar; in the southern region, the scion can be picked up.
The scion used for open grafting is preferably treated with a wax seal prior to grafting. That is, the scion shear is first cut into short panicles with 2 buds per section; then the paraffin wax is heated and melted. When the temperature of the wax liquid reaches 90° C. to 95° C., the cut scion is immersed therein and quickly removed. After drying, pack it in plastic, tightly seal the mouth, place it in an environment of 1°C to 3°C or store it in the refrigerator for use. After the wax-sealed scion, the moisture is not easily lost and the graft survival rate can be increased.
Third, the grafting program
Indoor Grafting Program
1. See the above section "Preparation of rootstocks" for the method of awakening the rootstock.
2. Grafting is usually done indoors or in the spring.
3. Callus will be grafted good seedlings into the healing box callus. The temperature of the wood chips in the healing box is 24 to 26 degrees, and the humidity and grafted seedlings are placed in the same condition as the rootstocks. The callus process takes about 5 days. During this period, to examine the grafted body, it was found that the rootstock germinated basal buds and rhizomes should be promptly removed, and at the same time, germination of the buds should be controlled as much as possible. After about 10 days,
The callus was formed at the interface and the call was completed.
4. After grafting or planting the wounded grafted seedlings, the scions should be waxed to protect buds and prevent water evaporation, thus increasing the survival rate. The method is the same as the method of grafting grafted scion in open field, and then the seedlings are stored under the temperature condition of 0°C to 3°C. Stored in winter and spring, the grafted seedlings can be placed in the cellar, the interface below is wetted with sand, and only the scion is exposed at the upper part. If the temperature is suitable, it can also be planted directly on the open ground.
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