I. Selection of breeds suitable for development and the mode of hybridization The breed breeding farm can be designed into several types: One is a person with conditions and funds to engage in purebred Boer goat breeding; One is to select local goats as female parents. , crossbreed with Boer goats. The development of Boer goats will eventually lead to the production of meat products, providing lamb and sheepskin. A detailed comparison of the two models was conducted based on a cross-breeding experiment of the Boer goat goat (abbreviated as Bozi) and Charolais sheep (or Dorset) Small Tail Han sheep (abbreviated as "Xia Xiao") conducted in China. It is proposed that the hybrid model of the summer “or not†small variety should be selected only from the viewpoint of lamb production. From the comparison, it can be seen that the summer with "no or little" hybridization is 104% higher than that of the wave and the hybrid with 6 months of age.
Second, build a scientific and standardized sheep farm
1. To fully inspect the local forage resources. To build large-scale commercial sheep farms, such as buying grass and sheep, pay attention to losses. In response to this situation, there are two ways to solve the problem of high straw prices. First, plant high-yield forages such as Rumex, Mexican corn, and imperial bamboo, and second, vigorously develop silage silage, and use 70% of forage silage. Instead of corn stalks, the price of silage-consumed corn stalks must not exceed the purchase price of 0.04 yuan/kg. If we build a sheep farm for sales of sheep, the price of high-quality straw is 0.16-0.3 yuan/kg, which is also cost-effective.
2. To inspect sheep farm construction. In general, the scale of the site is to fit in with 220 basic ewes, 1,000 sheep slaughtered annually, about 1 hectare of land, and a rent of not more than 300 yuan per 0.067 hectare. If there are old factory buildings available for rent nearby, it is best to make a few modifications. This saves investment but requires strict disinfection. If a new sheep house is built, the net cost per square meter must not exceed 180 yuan in principle.
3. Preparation before introduction. After the sheep farm has been built and dried, before the introduction, according to the scale of the design, according to the needs of 1.5 kg of hay or 4 kg of grass per sheep per day, the grass, straw and feed shall be provided, and then the forage processing machinery and common veterinary medicine and equipment shall be purchased. Drugs, and then introduced.
4. Funds preparation. Under normal circumstances, it takes 1.5 years to build the farm and introduce the first batch of sheep for sale. Therefore, sufficient funds must be prepared and reasonably distributed, and reasonable use should be avoided. There should be no money to build farms, rich introductions, no money, and no money. Paying wages to workers causes halfway.
The introduction of the first batch of lamb sales (1.5 years) from the construction site is equivalent to the completion of the first production cycle. The experience of entering the second cycle has been abundant and relatively easy, but it is necessary to focus on tapping the potential of technology.
Third, several key technologies to ensure the success of raising sheep
1. Make every effort to reduce the cost of feeding. Sheep are herbivores. Compared with pigs, they are slow to grow and grow, and their production efficiency is low. Therefore, the reduction of feeding costs is the key to the success of large-scale sheep farm operations. In areas where premium peanut meal, sweet potato meal, and soybean meal prices are above 0.16 yuan/kg, we must adopt grass-raising sheep or silage technology to ensure that the cost of forage grass is reduced. Such as the cultivation of high-quality forage grass, can greatly solve the shortage of high quality straw in rural areas and the high price of high-quality straw limit the development of large-scale sheep breeding problems. In addition, corn cultivation in many regions is large. In the past, due to poor promotion of silage technology, most of the straw became dry straw, which reduced nutrient content and the utilization rate was greatly reduced. The promotion of silage technology will greatly reduce the cost of forage. At present, for the silage season, it is often difficult to find people during the busy farming season and silage, and a mower that cuts 0.67-2 hectares of corn stalks per hour and a large-scale silage machine that crushes 2-3 tons of silage each hour are manufactured. The emergence of new types of machinery will further promote the application of silage technology. In addition, micro-storage, ammoniation, alkalinization and other advanced straw processing technology, is also a key technology to improve the utilization of low-quality straw, reduce the cost of forage. For example, using fermented straw powder and bran, and then adding some corn bran to feed sheep, there is no need to add cake feed, which is more effective in reducing feed cost.
2. Strengthen disease prevention and treatment. First of all we must strengthen the epidemic of sheep, sheep enterotoxicity, sheep, sheep pox, sheep dysentery, sheep E. coli disease, sheep streptococcus disease, sheep anthrax, sheep contagious pleuropneumonia, and other diseases Prevention. Secondly, the prevention of parasitic diseases is also critical to the survival and development of a large-scale sheep farm. Using levamisole in combination with avermectin (or ivermectin) to repel insects can remove 80% of parasites in vivo and in vitro. In addition, special parasites such as hepatic schistosomiasis, cockroaches, and cephalocephalus should be specifically expelled.
3. Strengthen feeding management, and strive to increase the reproductive rate and reproductive survival rate.
Second, build a scientific and standardized sheep farm
1. To fully inspect the local forage resources. To build large-scale commercial sheep farms, such as buying grass and sheep, pay attention to losses. In response to this situation, there are two ways to solve the problem of high straw prices. First, plant high-yield forages such as Rumex, Mexican corn, and imperial bamboo, and second, vigorously develop silage silage, and use 70% of forage silage. Instead of corn stalks, the price of silage-consumed corn stalks must not exceed the purchase price of 0.04 yuan/kg. If we build a sheep farm for sales of sheep, the price of high-quality straw is 0.16-0.3 yuan/kg, which is also cost-effective.
2. To inspect sheep farm construction. In general, the scale of the site is to fit in with 220 basic ewes, 1,000 sheep slaughtered annually, about 1 hectare of land, and a rent of not more than 300 yuan per 0.067 hectare. If there are old factory buildings available for rent nearby, it is best to make a few modifications. This saves investment but requires strict disinfection. If a new sheep house is built, the net cost per square meter must not exceed 180 yuan in principle.
3. Preparation before introduction. After the sheep farm has been built and dried, before the introduction, according to the scale of the design, according to the needs of 1.5 kg of hay or 4 kg of grass per sheep per day, the grass, straw and feed shall be provided, and then the forage processing machinery and common veterinary medicine and equipment shall be purchased. Drugs, and then introduced.
4. Funds preparation. Under normal circumstances, it takes 1.5 years to build the farm and introduce the first batch of sheep for sale. Therefore, sufficient funds must be prepared and reasonably distributed, and reasonable use should be avoided. There should be no money to build farms, rich introductions, no money, and no money. Paying wages to workers causes halfway.
The introduction of the first batch of lamb sales (1.5 years) from the construction site is equivalent to the completion of the first production cycle. The experience of entering the second cycle has been abundant and relatively easy, but it is necessary to focus on tapping the potential of technology.
Third, several key technologies to ensure the success of raising sheep
1. Make every effort to reduce the cost of feeding. Sheep are herbivores. Compared with pigs, they are slow to grow and grow, and their production efficiency is low. Therefore, the reduction of feeding costs is the key to the success of large-scale sheep farm operations. In areas where premium peanut meal, sweet potato meal, and soybean meal prices are above 0.16 yuan/kg, we must adopt grass-raising sheep or silage technology to ensure that the cost of forage grass is reduced. Such as the cultivation of high-quality forage grass, can greatly solve the shortage of high quality straw in rural areas and the high price of high-quality straw limit the development of large-scale sheep breeding problems. In addition, corn cultivation in many regions is large. In the past, due to poor promotion of silage technology, most of the straw became dry straw, which reduced nutrient content and the utilization rate was greatly reduced. The promotion of silage technology will greatly reduce the cost of forage. At present, for the silage season, it is often difficult to find people during the busy farming season and silage, and a mower that cuts 0.67-2 hectares of corn stalks per hour and a large-scale silage machine that crushes 2-3 tons of silage each hour are manufactured. The emergence of new types of machinery will further promote the application of silage technology. In addition, micro-storage, ammoniation, alkalinization and other advanced straw processing technology, is also a key technology to improve the utilization of low-quality straw, reduce the cost of forage. For example, using fermented straw powder and bran, and then adding some corn bran to feed sheep, there is no need to add cake feed, which is more effective in reducing feed cost.
2. Strengthen disease prevention and treatment. First of all we must strengthen the epidemic of sheep, sheep enterotoxicity, sheep, sheep pox, sheep dysentery, sheep E. coli disease, sheep streptococcus disease, sheep anthrax, sheep contagious pleuropneumonia, and other diseases Prevention. Secondly, the prevention of parasitic diseases is also critical to the survival and development of a large-scale sheep farm. Using levamisole in combination with avermectin (or ivermectin) to repel insects can remove 80% of parasites in vivo and in vitro. In addition, special parasites such as hepatic schistosomiasis, cockroaches, and cephalocephalus should be specifically expelled.
3. Strengthen feeding management, and strive to increase the reproductive rate and reproductive survival rate.
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