Simple double film covering early ripening technique of watermelon

In order to advance the availability of watermelons, improve the quality of watermelons, and improve the benefits of watermelon cultivation, based on summarizing the experience of early maturing of simple two-membrane-covered watermelons in the field and in the region, we have developed a set of early-maturing watermelon cultivation techniques to suit the actual conditions of my hometown. According to its early-maturing watermelon cultivation technology, the supply market can be harvested basically before mid-June-July. Mu yield 3000-4000 kg.
I. Variety selection
115 Middle Dongting No. 3, No. 6 or middle-late and late Dongting No. 1, Shaoyang 304 can be used as a good quality watermelon cultivar in our hometown.
Second, the cultivation of large seedlings Early-maturing watermelons are generally raised from late February to mid-March, because the low temperatures during this period, seedlings are very difficult, must be strictly in accordance with technical requirements. Seedbed should choose sheltered, empty, sunny, well-drained areas, to cover the nursery with three layers of greenhouse sheds favorable insulation. The shed is 3.7 meters wide. From east to west, bamboo stalks are used as arches, covering a width of 5 meters. During the period, two small arches with a width of 1.3 meters are installed, and 50 cm wide walkways are left between the sheds. The sheds are 25-30 centimeters from the shed. If there are conditions, 15-20 cm of pig manure at the bottom of the seedbed can be used to increase the soil temperature. Nursery nutrition é’µ Available in 99 or 1010 specifications of black plastic nutrition é’µ. The bottom of the seedbed should be leveled, pressed, sprinkled with carbofuran to kill or other pests, and then a layer of used newspapers should be laid to prevent the roots from deepening into the subsoil, whereupon nutrients can be added. The nutrient soil should be selected from the topsoil of paddy fields plus decomposed fecal residue plus superphosphate, or fresh yellow mud plus decomposed pig manure plus superphosphate. (The ratio is 2/3 + 1/3 + 1 kg), which requires no bacteria, insects, eggs, or weeds. When planting the nutrient soil, we should first use carbendazim or thiophanate water solution to soak, and then sow. When the seeds are sown, the seeds are laid flat and the radicles are downward, and about 0.5 cm of fine loose soil is covered. Cover the membrane with a cover, and then fasten the small arch shed. At night, a small arch shed should be covered with broken or straw curtain insulation. 50% of the mulch was removed after emergence.
Third, timely planting When the seedling age of 3 leaves or 4 leaves in one heart, when the open air temperature is stable above 15 degrees Celsius can be timely planting, my hometown generally on April 10 or so can be covered with a small arch covered with double membrane. In the first year of winter, the planting of melon land should be deep-turned 30 centimeters to open the drainage ditch. The ditch should be deep 40 wide and 30 centimeters deep, and the ditch should be 30 wide and 25 centimeters deep, and be prepared for about 300 pounds per mu. Fertilizer and about 200 pounds of fresh lime disinfection.
1) Preparation before planting. A, disinfection. Due to the double film cover of continuous crops or small arch sheds, the high temperature is easy to be affected, so it should be strictly disinfected. 200-300 kg of quick lime should be sprinkled per acre, then plowing, the whole compartment, the width of the cabin is 4 meters, and the length is not more than 20 meters; B Base fertilizer. The basal fertilization should be applied in two layers, ie, applying half of the basal fertilizer to the bottom layer first, then filling in the mixture, and then applying a second layer of basal fertilizer so that the beneficial root system can absorb nutrients in a balanced manner; C. The car surface should be formed into a turtle shape.
2) Colonization. Small shed double membrane covered watermelon colonization method is generally used central single row planting, plant spacing 70 cm, single plant seedlings about 35 cm, Mu level planting 450-500 plants, after planting root water, should add enemy pine or green Enjoy No. 1 or thiophanate or carbendazim disinfection.

3) Cover film. After the planting, cover a layer of 80 cm of plastic film, and then insert the arch. The arch is 0.8-1 m wide and 60 cm high. It is suitable to cover agricultural film with a width of 2 m. Then the shelving is fixed with a rope net. .
4) Management in the early stage 1 After the planting of watermelon, ventilation management based on insulation is adopted. When the temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius on sunny days, it is properly ventilated and kept warm on cloudy days and rainy days. Coverage should be increased at night during cold waves. Warm days should pay attention to the high temperatures that occur in the middle of the day. Ventilation management should be based on changes in the climate, timely removal of film ventilation or film insulation, ventilation should be gradually increased, and change the ventilation openings, so that the plant growth consistent. 2 regulate growth. Small film coverage of poor lighting conditions, high temperature, easy under extreme conditions in high temperature conditions, therefore, should be reasonable fertilizer before fruit set, according to the growth of the vine apply fertilizer, growing normally do not apply fertilizer, growth potential difference can be foliar injection of dihydrogen phosphate Potash supplements. At the same time, the vine should be swiftly spliced ​​in time, and the second female flower of the main vine should be artificially pollinated.
5) Management in the middle and late period When the size of watermelon fruit eggs, heavy fertilizer should be followed in order to promote fruit enlargement, generally for two applications is better, top dressing with 30 kg of urea per mu, 25-30 kg of potash mixed application. Interval between 5-7 days. The application method is to dig the fertilizer inside the membrane every time and dissolve the fertilizer in water before applying the fertilizer into the soil and then covering the soil. It is advisable to irrigate the fruit in the period of fruit enlargement in case of drought. Top dressing is generally stopped 7-10 days before fruit ripening, in order to improve the quality, pests and diseases should adopt comprehensive agricultural control measures, timely attention to the occurrence of pests and diseases, the use of pesticide control.

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