Turkey, also known as spit chicken, is native to North America and is a large-scale wild chicken breed with large size, fast growth, good meat quality, high lean meat ratio, strong disease resistance, wide adaptability, and rough feeding. . Turkey is extremely capable of producing meat and is a leader in the production of animal protein, and is therefore known as a meat-making machine. Turkey plays an important role in the production of poultry meat in the United States and Canada. Canada’s turkey production in 1997 was 140 million kilograms, with a production value of US$258.8 million. In the United States, 7,347 farms are keeping turkeys, which is the largest country for keeping turkeys. Their rearing capacity is about 300 million. In the United States, turkey meat has become a very popular and popular food, with a per capita consumption of 18 pounds (approximately 8.12 kg), and it continues to increase.
There are many varieties of turkeys, common are Nicholas (also known as the United States wide-breasted white feathers), bronze and Betina and so on. Among them, Nicholas is a large individual and grows fast. It is currently the most popular turkey breed. Nikolai adult cock weighs 20 to 25 kilograms, hens 12 to 15 kilograms, and produces 120 to 140 eggs per year. Bronze and Betina are smaller in size but produce more eggs. The 6-month-old cocks weigh 12 to 15 kilograms, the hens 6 to 8 kilograms, and the annual egg production 140 to 160 pieces.
Nicholas begins to lay eggs at 7 months of age (30 to 31 weeks of age). There are two egg production peaks in spring and autumn under natural feeding conditions, and egg production can be propagated throughout the year under artificial light and temperature control conditions. Nicholas breeder hens generally limit production to 100 to 120 eggs per year, egg weight 75 to 80 grams, incubation period of 28 days. The 1-day-old turkey hatched weighed about 65 grams, the 10-week-old cockerel weighed 5 kg, and the hen had 4 kg; at 6 months of age, adult chicken weight was achieved. Commodity meat turkeys are slaughtered at 14 to 22 weeks of age, weighing 5 to 12 kg, meat to meat ratio of 2.5 to 3:1, slaughter rate of 85 to 90% of live weight, breast muscle and thigh meat to 40 to 50% of body weight. For mechanized slaughtering and segmentation processing.
Turkey has the characteristics of wild animals, high protein (protein content of 27%, only 23% of ordinary broilers), low fat (2 ~ 3%), low cholesterol (0.06 ~ 0.1%), fresh and tender meat, women, children Health food for the elderly is also ideal for weight loss for obese people. Regular turkey meat has preventive and therapeutic effects on hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Not only is the turkey good in quality, but also fire eggs are excellent foods. The fire eggs are rich in egg yolk and have good toughness. They are good quality poultry eggs.
Turkeys are omnivorous, food-rich and resistant to rough feeding and can feed on green grass, green vegetables, grass seeds, leaves, fruits and other green feed. Turkey has strong ability to adapt to the environment, and has low requirements on the condition and management of chicken houses. Grazing, free-range breeding and captive breeding are all available. The investment in rearing turkeys is small, the effect is quick, and the benefits are high. This not only increases job opportunities but also makes full use of feed resources. Turkey is suitable for China's national conditions of crude feed grain-saving special aquaculture varieties, it is worthy of our country's vast urban and rural areas to promote feeding. In the absence of feed grains, the development of turkey farming is an ideal way to use low-quality feed resources to obtain high quality poultry eggs. The 1988-2000 vegetable basket project plan formulated by the Ministry of Agriculture listed turkey farming as one of the science and technology agriculture projects of the National Spark Program.
Common turkey varieties:
Heavy Nicholas Turkey (also known as the American Wide-breasted White Feather): A fine variety that has been hand-selected by the United States Nikolai Turkey Breeding Company for 45 years. The 6-month-old cock weighs 20-25 kilograms and the hens 12-15 kilograms. Hens begin to lay eggs at 7 months of age, with an annual production of 120 to 140 eggs.
Bronze turkey (black flower): It is the most famous and widely distributed turkey variety. Young turkey faces are black, adult turkeys are dark gray. The 6-month-old cock weighs 12 to 15 kg and the hen has 6 to 8 kg. Hens begin egg production at 6 months of age, producing 140 to 160 eggs per year.
Betima (white): Body weight, starting egg age, and laying ability are similar to bronze turkeys.
Dutch white turkey: adult turkey weighs 15 kg for male and 8 kg for female.
Ginger Herbal Medicine,Ginger Food,Ginger Root,Ginger Powder
Yirun Agricultural Cooperative , https://www.yiruncn.com