Hejing County is located in the south of the middle part of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang. It is located at latitude 42 degrees 06'-43 degrees 33' north, east path 82 degrees 28'-87 degrees 52', and the average annual temperature of the plain area is 8.5°C. With a volume of 56.7 mm, an altitude of 1,100 meters, a frost-free period of 181.5 days, and an existing farmland of 12,200 hectares, the per capita arable land of farmers is 0.19 hectares. In order to increase the multiple cropping index and increase farmers' income, the county introduced a virus-free early-maturing potato in 1996. Jinshu No. 5 was cultivated in two seasons and after several years of exploration, the spring planting was performed using a new technique of wide-film, high-riding ridges. From the time of planting and harvesting to only 80 days, the maximum yield of 667 square meters was 2,600 kg, followed by seed germination and planting. In the second place, 667 square meters of open field cultivation of 1800 kilograms was produced, which achieved two crops a year. The output value of 667 square meters was more than 2,000 yuan and remarkable economic benefits were achieved.
First, the spring film wide-ridge high-premature cultivation techniques
1. The land and soil preparation should be selected from sandy loam soil or loam soil with wheat or corn as the front soil, and the first winter water should be poured before the winter, and the soil should be sown for winter.
2, the selection of virus-free precocious seed potato 1996 introduction of virus-free species of potato Jinshu 5 original species, a variety of mountains in my county, the area of ​​1745 meters above sea level, cool in summer, no locusts, frost-free period of 150 days, 667 square meters The output of 3,800 kilograms not only increased the herdsmen's income, but also ensured the use of seed in the farming areas. The primary or secondary seed potatoes were used in production. Last year, two virus-free seed potatoes, Jin Yin 8 and Lu Yin 1, were introduced.
3. About 30 days before germination and sowing, the seed potatoes in the kiln will be taken out and cut into pieces. Each potato block is about 30 grams, and the first one and two bud eyes are not allowed to cut thin slices or excavate the eyes. - 4 hours, after cutting dry, put it in a plastic greenhouse about 20°C, under the diffuse light, warm germination, humidity 90%, tubers 2 - 3 layers, wet straw cloth at night, once in 7 days, buds Length 1 - 2 cm, when the bud color purple green sowing, planting 667 square meters 120 - 150 kg.
4. Before planting the base fertilizer, the basal fertilizer should be applied before the planting of the ridge and ridge, and 667 square meters of fermented organic fertilizer should be used for 1 to 2 tons, and high-quality plant and wood ash of l00 to 200 kg.
5. Ditching ridging with fertilizer coating When the soil is thawed to 25 cm or more, use a trencher to open the trench and fertilize the ridge. The center of the adjacent furrow is 1.2 meters away from the center, and the ridge width is 90 centimeters. About 20 centimeters, 667 square meters with 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 50% potassium sulfate 10 kg, using a wide film of 1.4 meters x 0.007 millimeters in size, covering the ridge table, membrane pressure in the ditch, Covering the soil is rigorous, and the trenching mulching and filming operation is one-stop, ensuring strict protection.
6, do a good job sowing quality when the 5 cm soil temperature stability through the 5 °C sowing, suitable sowing date in about the middle and late March, the use of membrane punching sowing, a double membrane, row spacing 60 cm x 25 cm, 6O square meters 4400 strains of seedlings were planted with wide-film, high-row ridges, no weeding and cultivating at seedling stage, no soil-cultivation during the bud stage, no uncovering of the film, and grasping the appropriate seeding depth was the key to seizing high yield. After several years of practice, the seeding depth was 15-18 cm. , High yield, good merchandise, no green potato, using a short hole punch with a diameter of 6 cm, the potato shoots vertically aligned with the membrane hole, the membrane hole covering the soil tightly, the membrane surface every 5 meters Pressure a bandit, anti-gallery lift film.
7, field management before the seedlings generally do not water, check the seedlings to be seedlings, dislocation of the timely release of seedlings, membrane hole retaining soil tight. After the seedlings, depending on the soil moisture, poor sensation is poured 1-2 times to reach the seedlings, Miao Qi, and Miao Zhuang. The management of bud stage, tubercle stage and expansion period is the key to potato harvesting high yield. The first flowering stage is topdressing and watering, and 667 m 2 of urea is applied to 20-30 kilograms, and a hole is drilled between two potato seedlings in the middle of the ridge table. 10-15 grams of urea per hole, pouring a large half ditch water, interval 7 - 10 days pouring a water, to the harvest before pouring 2 -
3 times permeable, keep the ridge wet and loose, and stop water before harvesting.
8. Harvest According to the market price demand, determine the harvest period, harvest from the middle of June, harvest, do not hurt the skin, dry 3-4 hours after loading into double corrugated cardboard boxes, a layer of potato layer of soft paper, each box of 15 Kilograms, grass mats between boxes and boxes, bundled and shipped for sale.
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