Grafting cucumber seedlings, plant growth can be strong, to enhance the plant's ability to resist low temperatures, resistance to soil-borne diseases, increase production, to achieve the purpose of increasing output value. The main techniques for grafting cucumber seedlings are as follows:
First, preparation before sowing: Select disease resistance, high yield, high quality suitable for market needs. Before seeding, the seeds shall be sunburned and sterilized for 48 to 72 hours. The seedbeds shall be sterilized and tools such as blades, grafting clips, bamboo sticks, and nutrients and nutritious soil shall be prepared.
Second, soaking seed germination and sowing: The seeds of pumpkin seeds (preferably with the seeds of the previous year, the new seeds have a dormancy period of 120 days): 667 square meters with the amount of 2 to 2.5 kg. Slowly pour the seeds into hot water of about 70°C and continue stirring until the water temperature is 30°C. Then rinse thoroughly and then soak in warm water of 25°C for about 12 hours, and then germinate under conditions of 28-32°C. The seed can be sown when the shoot length is 2 to 3 mm. Cucumber seeds: 667 square meters with a seed amount of 50 grams. Slowly pour the seeds into the hot water of about 60°C, and continuously stir until the water temperature is 30°C. After soaking for 6-7 hours, rinse with water 2 or 3 times and control the water. The soaked seeds are wrapped in clean and moist cotton brie germination, germination temperature 25 ~ 30 °C, after 24 to 36 hours to Qiqi, shoots when 2 to 3 mm when you can sow. The seeding period depends on the seedling age and the duration of planting. Cucumber seed is sown 5 to 7 days earlier than the seed of pumpkin seeds. Greenhouse cucumber breeding time from late September to early October, cucumber greenhouse nursery time in mid-late January. The sowing temperature from sowing to seedling should be appropriately higher, about 28°C during the day and about 25°C at night, and water should be controlled to prevent leggy after emergence. The principle is to see the drought and then water, the seedling period to try to fight for light, light and temperature on the cucumber yield and quality have a very close relationship. The cucumber sowing density is: 3 ~ 4 cm is appropriate, pumpkin is 1.5 ~ 2 cm is appropriate. When sowing, soil was disinfected with 70% mancozeb zinc wettable powder 2g and 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 18kg on the bed soil. Cover soil thickness: cucumber 1 cm, pumpkin 1.5 cm, after the broadcast covers the surface of the film and covered with a small shed, insulation, moisturizing, when the emergence of more than 50% withdrawal cover.
Third, the grafting method: about 15 days after cucumber sowing, cucumber seedling leaves from yellow to green, fully unfolded, the second true leaves when the dew; pumpkin seed cotyledons, the first true leaves for the first time grafting the best time .
First, dig out the growing point of the pumpkin seedling with a bamboo stick, and cut a 45-degree incision in the upper part of the pumpkin seedling about 1 cm from the cotyledon with a blade. The depth of the mouth is about two-thirds of the stem diameter, and then the blade is used. Cut the upper part of the cucumber about 1.5 centimeters from the cotyledon upwards and incline a 45-degree incision. The depth is about two-thirds of the stem diameter. After the two melon seedlings are cut, the cucumber seedlings are immediately aligned with the cut surface of the pumpkin seedlings. Plug in well, leave no gaps in the incision, and then use the graft clamp to get close to the side of the cucumber seedlings. When grafting, do the following: Accurate, fast, and clean.
IV. Management after grafting. The well-matched seedlings should be rapidly transplanted into seedbeds or nutritional bowls in accordance with the east-west direction. The grafting clamps are integrated to the north. The buried parts are squash roots and the grafting sites are kept clean. In order to ensure the proper temperature and humidity, the joints should be buckled in time. Small shed. It should be kept at 25-28 °C during the day and 18-22 °C at night, and the ground temperature should reach 23-28 °C. At the same time, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained at 85%-95%, which is conducive to healing and easing the seedlings. Within 3 days after grafting, grass curtains should be shaded on the shed film, gradually opening the grass curtain after 3 to 5 days, lengthening the illumination time and appropriate ventilation, during the day, 22 to 24°C, 12 to 15°C at night, until the seedlings do not see light. Stop shading when wilting.
5, cut off the root: When the seedling grows to two leaves and one heart, that is, 10 to 13 days after the grafted seedling is transplanted, the cucumber seedling stem is cut off at the lower part of the joint by a blade, and is pulled out. When the grafted seedlings were sprayed with chlorothalonil 500 to 800 times for about 15 days, early control of downy mildew, and removal of grafting clips, in order to ensure uniform growth of seedlings, depending on the specific circumstances of the seedlings move.
Sixth, colonization. Grafting seedlings grow to 4 to 5 true leaves to be planted. Prior to planting, apply organic manure and spread the mulch so that the soil depth cannot exceed the grafted joint.