Household biogas digesters have been neglected due to routine management, which has affected the effectiveness of biogas digesters. Even many well-quality biogas digesters have been abandoned for use, resulting in a waste of funds. The following is based on the findings of grass-roots investigations and research, summarizing the common problems of daily management of household biogas digesters, and propose corresponding solutions.
1. Can not insist on small and small raw materials every day and timely replenishment of raw materials. Many farmers no longer make up for new raw materials due to various reasons after initial input of raw materials, and thus no gas is available for production within three months. The correct method is to make small and small raw materials every day, that is, one month after the gas production, pick one or two tans of biogas slurry from the outlet, and at the same time, pour 2-3 feces into the digester, and add appropriate amount of clean water. To the original liquid level in the outlet. There are two advantages of doing so: First, the balance of long-term production of gas; Second, the intensity of concentrated work is scattered low-intensity labor. Make daily management of digesters easy.
2. Winter biogas digesters do not adopt insulation and temperature increasing measures. The minimum biological temperature for biogas fermentation is 15°C. Therefore, in the cold winter, biogas digesters produce almost no gas. Must have insulation or warming measures in order to promote biogas digesters in the winter gas production. If the main pool is covered with grass or plastic sheds, the biogas tank is built in plastic sheds, and hot materials such as hummocks and cow dung are used, and appropriate amounts of hot water are added, the gas production rate can be effectively increased.
3. The lack of mixing habits is the main reason why biogas production is low and cannot meet daily needs. The stirring can make the raw material and the inoculant evenly mixed, increase the contact surface of the fermentation, the fermentation temperature is uniform, and the biogas production can be increased. The method is to stir with a long stick every day for three minutes from the discharge room.
4. Different pretreatment methods are not used for different raw materials. Pretreatment has important significance for accelerating the start of fermentation and improving the utilization of fermentation raw materials. Straw should be short and stacked; grass should be dried; poultry should be removed to remove gravel; cow dung must be removed. Many raw materials also need to adjust the acid, detoxify and regulate the concentration.
5. The biogas digesters built in winter are slow to start up, and inoculants are not commonly cultivated. Biogas fermentation strains have many fauna, and different strains of fermentation substrate strains are definitely different. Therefore, strains must be domesticated and enriched before they can be used. The specific method is to mix 1/3 of the raw materials with the sludge for 3 to 4 days before mixing with the rest of the raw materials into the pool. Of course, the start of winter biogas digesters also requires hot water mixing, raw material pretreatment, the amount of inoculum must be relatively increased, appropriate nitrogen supplements, insulation and temperature increase measures to be strengthened and so on. Such treatment can start the biogas digester within 24-48 hours and maintain a higher gas production level.
6. Do not timely regulate the fermentation conditions that are deteriorating. Normally, the biogas slurry from the normal fermentation outlet is soy sauce, and the foam is abundant. When the biogas slurry is slightly acidic or the export material is green, feed is stopped, waiting for normal recovery or partial dry matter, and supplement with fresh water to reduce the fermentation concentration. If the more acidic or discharge liquid is black and there is a white film, appropriate amount of clear ash or sodium bicarbonate solution should be added, and more inoculants should be added; the gray color of the export material solution indicates that the fermentation concentration is low. Timely supplement of dry matter. If these situations are left untreated, the deterioration of the fermentation conditions in the digester will be exacerbated until the gas production stops.
7. Transmission and distribution system is not fully configured and lacks necessary protection measures. U-tubes are not equipped with safety balls; there is no desulfurization device; the gas pipelines are not equipped with water bottles and casings, nor are they buried deeply, the slope is not standard, and the internal diameter of the gas pipeline is generally thin. These situations exist more or less.
8. Biogas does not undergo combustion flame control during use, and its thermal efficiency is low. The correct combustion is the junction of the inner flame and the outer flame that is exactly at the bottom of the pot. The outer flame spreads out and spreads on the bottom of the pot. The flame is blue. If the flame is too long, the amount of air supply must be reduced; if it is short or the combustion shrinks, the amount of air supply must be increased; if the flame is yellow, the large throttle should be adjusted.
9. Poor safety awareness and hidden dangers. Inlet and outlet ports are not covered or covered; there is no ventilation and animal testing in and out of the main pool; people often leave the burning biogas stoves; human and animal activities and even ignition occur along the gas pipeline.
1. Can not insist on small and small raw materials every day and timely replenishment of raw materials. Many farmers no longer make up for new raw materials due to various reasons after initial input of raw materials, and thus no gas is available for production within three months. The correct method is to make small and small raw materials every day, that is, one month after the gas production, pick one or two tans of biogas slurry from the outlet, and at the same time, pour 2-3 feces into the digester, and add appropriate amount of clean water. To the original liquid level in the outlet. There are two advantages of doing so: First, the balance of long-term production of gas; Second, the intensity of concentrated work is scattered low-intensity labor. Make daily management of digesters easy.
2. Winter biogas digesters do not adopt insulation and temperature increasing measures. The minimum biological temperature for biogas fermentation is 15°C. Therefore, in the cold winter, biogas digesters produce almost no gas. Must have insulation or warming measures in order to promote biogas digesters in the winter gas production. If the main pool is covered with grass or plastic sheds, the biogas tank is built in plastic sheds, and hot materials such as hummocks and cow dung are used, and appropriate amounts of hot water are added, the gas production rate can be effectively increased.
3. The lack of mixing habits is the main reason why biogas production is low and cannot meet daily needs. The stirring can make the raw material and the inoculant evenly mixed, increase the contact surface of the fermentation, the fermentation temperature is uniform, and the biogas production can be increased. The method is to stir with a long stick every day for three minutes from the discharge room.
4. Different pretreatment methods are not used for different raw materials. Pretreatment has important significance for accelerating the start of fermentation and improving the utilization of fermentation raw materials. Straw should be short and stacked; grass should be dried; poultry should be removed to remove gravel; cow dung must be removed. Many raw materials also need to adjust the acid, detoxify and regulate the concentration.
5. The biogas digesters built in winter are slow to start up, and inoculants are not commonly cultivated. Biogas fermentation strains have many fauna, and different strains of fermentation substrate strains are definitely different. Therefore, strains must be domesticated and enriched before they can be used. The specific method is to mix 1/3 of the raw materials with the sludge for 3 to 4 days before mixing with the rest of the raw materials into the pool. Of course, the start of winter biogas digesters also requires hot water mixing, raw material pretreatment, the amount of inoculum must be relatively increased, appropriate nitrogen supplements, insulation and temperature increase measures to be strengthened and so on. Such treatment can start the biogas digester within 24-48 hours and maintain a higher gas production level.
6. Do not timely regulate the fermentation conditions that are deteriorating. Normally, the biogas slurry from the normal fermentation outlet is soy sauce, and the foam is abundant. When the biogas slurry is slightly acidic or the export material is green, feed is stopped, waiting for normal recovery or partial dry matter, and supplement with fresh water to reduce the fermentation concentration. If the more acidic or discharge liquid is black and there is a white film, appropriate amount of clear ash or sodium bicarbonate solution should be added, and more inoculants should be added; the gray color of the export material solution indicates that the fermentation concentration is low. Timely supplement of dry matter. If these situations are left untreated, the deterioration of the fermentation conditions in the digester will be exacerbated until the gas production stops.
7. Transmission and distribution system is not fully configured and lacks necessary protection measures. U-tubes are not equipped with safety balls; there is no desulfurization device; the gas pipelines are not equipped with water bottles and casings, nor are they buried deeply, the slope is not standard, and the internal diameter of the gas pipeline is generally thin. These situations exist more or less.
8. Biogas does not undergo combustion flame control during use, and its thermal efficiency is low. The correct combustion is the junction of the inner flame and the outer flame that is exactly at the bottom of the pot. The outer flame spreads out and spreads on the bottom of the pot. The flame is blue. If the flame is too long, the amount of air supply must be reduced; if it is short or the combustion shrinks, the amount of air supply must be increased; if the flame is yellow, the large throttle should be adjusted.
9. Poor safety awareness and hidden dangers. Inlet and outlet ports are not covered or covered; there is no ventilation and animal testing in and out of the main pool; people often leave the burning biogas stoves; human and animal activities and even ignition occur along the gas pipeline.
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