During the cultivation of Hericium erinaceus, the ecological management of the hericium became out of control, and the malformed mushroom body often appeared, directly reducing the value of the commodity and affecting the economic benefit of the producer. Therefore, it became a difficult point in production. Here are the types, postures, causes, and avoidance measures of malformed mushrooms. First, bare bald: mushroom body clustered branches, a hypertrophy, the surface is wrinkled and rough, no hairs, crispy flesh, slightly brown, smell normal. The main reason is that the temperature is high, the humidity is low, often in the case of 25 °C water evaporation of the fruit body is too large, and the humidity did not keep up in time, resulting in not long bristles, the formation of herniated mushrooms. Preventive measures: pay attention to temperature and humidity, when the temperature exceeds 25 °C, the cultivation of wild mushroom beds, should be opened sooner or later, cover film ventilation, open the two cover film during the day to make it breathable; gutter irrigation to reduce the temperature, space spray atomization Water increases the humidity and maintains a relative humidity of more than 90%. It also thickens shade covers to reduce sunlight penetration and reduce water evaporation. Second, the coral cluster type: mushroom base multiple branch clusters, shaped like corals, obviously can see a root-like fungus and media connected. Some of these fruiting bodies died during the fruiting period, and some could continue to grow and develop. The top of the branchlets continued to swell, forming small fruit bodies in multiple states. The main reasons for this are the excessive deposition of carbon dioxide concentration, the constant differentiation of the stipe, the inhibition of the development of the central part, resulting in the formation of irregular worms, and the inhibition of mycelial growth due to the presence of bactericidal substances in the culture medium. Stimulation; often due to heat and moisture, ignoring ventilation, in this saturated humidity and still air conditions, forced the abnormal development of fruiting bodies. Prevention measures: (1) Strengthen ventilation and improve environmental conditions. (2) When selecting culture materials, remove trees containing bactericidal substances such as fir, pine, lotus root and poplar. (3) Coral-like fruit bodies that have been formed are immediately scraped together with the surface culture material at an early age, and then cultivated again. Third, abnormal color type: mushroom body color yellow, short and thick thorn; some fruiting bodies, red, or young mushrooms begin to mature pink, the body taste bitter. The reasons for such discoloration are mainly low temperature, often due to autumn and winter cultivation, sudden drop in temperature, sub-real growth and development stage below 10 °C, mushroom body will turn red, and as the temperature drops, the color deepens. In some cases, the fruit body is stimulated by DC wind and the mushroom body is chlorosis. For discolored mushrooms, the cause should be treated symptomatically. Due to the low temperature, in the arrangement of inoculation, it is necessary to consider about 25 days after inoculation, the local temperature is not lower than 14 °C as appropriate, in order to calculate the optimal inoculation period for the community, you can avoid low temperature damage. Warming up method: The wild pods can cover the cover film, ventilate when the temperature is high at noon, and dilute the cover, increase the temperature of the light; try to avoid ventilating the mushroom body, or on the mushroom bag at the outlet. Wet gauze. 4. Mild and shrive: The body of the mushroom body grows normally in the early stage, the bristles in the middle fall, and the mushroom body shrinks; some mushroom bodies turn brown and moldy. The former is often caused by high temperatures, air drying, and apparent lack of water, so that it stopped growing and gradually shrank. Space should be sprayed in a timely manner and trace sprays should be restored on the mushroom body. If mushrooms are found to be rotten, they are diseases or fungal attack. Ventilation and cooling should be strengthened. Debris has emerged in a timely manner to excavate, and apply 3% bleach water or 1% white lime water to control the spread.
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