In China's apple production areas have occurred. The bacteria damage the bark, causing the bark to rot. It mainly occurs on the main trunk, large branches, lateral branches, and also on branchlets. There are two types of symptoms: one is an ulcer type. Mainly occurs on the trunk, main branches and lateral branches, and at the sawn cut. In the early stage of disease, the diseased part was slightly moist and red-brown. Afterwards, the disease department gradually expanded and the texture of the organization became soft and bad. In the onset of spring, the diseased part is reddish-brown, water-stained, slightly raised, sometimes with reddish-brown sap and smell of distiller's grains. As the fruit tree grows, the diseased part of the body sinks, the color darkens, and black particles appear on the surface. When the rain is wet or when the weather is wet, a yellow, filamentous curly spore angle emerges. The second is that the branches are dry. Occurred mainly in the spring, lesions formed on the branchlets, lesions are not water stains, and sometimes sink. Diseased branches grow weak and flowering, but yellow leaves and small fruit often appear after flowering. When the lesions surround the branches for a week, the diseased branches mostly die after flowering.
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens overwinter on the bark of the disease. In spring, along with the development of the disease department, the spores of pathogens gradually formed and spread to the trees with wind and rain. The orchard has the spores of pathogenic bacteria all the year round. From March to November, pathogens can infect the host, but they are most common from late March to mid-May. After the pathogen invades the host, it does not immediately become latent. Only when the tissue at the site of infection is dead or debilitating can the bacteria expand and show symptoms. Therefore, when the fruit tree is extremely debilitated after a large number of fruit trees or fruit trees have suffered freezing damage, rot disease often occurs. In the field, the occurrence of disease has obvious regularity. In early spring, from March to March, the temperature rose, the lesions expanded rapidly, entered the period of endangerment, and the end of the onset of the disease in May. Fruit trees enter the period of vigorous growth, tree disease resistance increased, the incidence dropped sharply, the lesions spread slowly. From September to November, the growth of the tree stopped, the disease resistance weakened, and the lesions increased and developed. Therefore, the period from February to May and from September to November is an important period for scraping rot.
Control methods
1 Strengthen the management of fruit trees and improve the resistance of trees. At present, most of the apple orchards in China have very low organic matter content. The amount of organic fertilizers should be increased, and fertilizers should be topdressed in order to increase tree vigor and improve the disease resistance of fruit trees. This is a fundamental measure for the occurrence of pre-preserved rot.
2 timely cure lesions. In 2~5 months and 9~11 months, the lesions were promptly scraped and sterilized by applying medicine to prevent recurrence. Commonly used agents are Cortisol wettable powder 10~20 times; 1% tablet turmeric water agent 2 times, 5% bacteriocin clear 30-50 times liquid, rot enemy 20~30 times liquid, rot be clear emulsion 2 ~ 3 times liquid, 843 recovery agent stock solution.
3 spraying. Serious disease park sprayed rot before the sprouting of spring fruit trees 80 to 100 times liquid, 40% ç¦ç¾Žèƒ‚WP 100 times plus humic acid sodium or 100 times the liquid mixture of è…必清, to eradicate the pathogen on the tree.
4 Cut off the diseased branches. Cut sick branches and diseased piles in time and bring them out of the orchard to reduce pathogens.
5 severe disease tree bridges. For trees with severe disease, bridges or foot joints are needed to supplement the supply of tree nutrients and restore the tree vigor.
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