In the eggplant production of the greenhouse in Fengxian County, the most serious and harmful diseases occurred in replanting fields were mainly wilt disease, verticillium wilt, disease, root rot, and bacterial wilt. The main reason is that there is a large amount of pathogenic bacteria in the soil of replanted fields, the supply of nutrients is not balanced, and nutrient absorption disorders occur in the roots, resulting in aggravation of diseases, and comprehensive measures should be taken to prevent and control the production.
The soil is sterilized in places where conditions permit, and it can be used for a long time to soak the fields in the leisure season, which can effectively kill harmful germs and pests in the soil. It can also be high-temperature stuffy sheds in summer, and the time is 15 to 20 days, and 1 month is better. The adoption of a damp heat sterilization method can effectively kill various nematodes, harmful fungi and bacteria in the soil, and solve the serious problem of dead seedlings in heavy crop fields. Specific methods: After winter and spring vegetables are pulled, 100 kg of lime powder per mu, 5000 to 7500 kg of raw chicken manure or other livestock manure, 3,000 kg of plant straw, 8 kg of microbial multi-dimensional bacteria, and sprayed per mu. Shimeidi that activator 400 ml. Rotary tillage, mixing the straw, livestock manure, and bacteria, then deep-sweeping the soil for 30 centimeters, irrigating the water, covering the film, and fastening the film. After removing the shed for 1 month, the mulching film was removed, ploughed and air-dried for 1 week to kill germs and activate the soil. Using this method, it has obvious control effect on soil-borne diseases caused by heavy sorghum, and it also has obvious control effect on the bacterial rot disease caused by grafting. In addition, the disease can be severely replanted, and 5% alkaloid granules can be used for 4-5 kg ​​per acre, or 3-5 mg per acre for PK granules per acre, combined with arable land into the soil; Fertilizer, “Jiangenbaoâ€, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus fluorescens, all of which can be used to control the roots of eggplant after transplanting (the seedling stage).
Grafting roots with flat as the rootstock, resistant to wilt disease, seed easy to germinate, grafting survival rate is high, but need to be sowed earlier than the scion for about 7 days, severe bacterial wilt should not use the variety as the rootstock. The use of thorny tomato as the rootstock high resistance to verticillium wilt (control effect in more than 93%), the seed is easy to germinate, about 24 days after soaking all germinated about 10 days, more resistant to low temperature, suitable for autumn and winter greenhouse grafting cultivation, need to be earlier than the scion Sow 5-20 days (depending on the temperature at that time). Tolubum as the rootstock can achieve high levels of resistance or immunity to Fusarium wilt, Verticillium wilt, Bacterial wilt, Root knot nematode disease. However, the seeds need to be germinated, soaked with 100 ~ 200 mg / liter gibberellic acid solution soaked for 24 hours before sowing, and then washed with clean water, germination into a small cloth bag, need to sow 25 days earlier than the scion.
Strengthen the cultivation and management of wrong planting in the development period. Deep sorghum sorghum cultivation, rational close planting, improve the ventilation and light conditions, reduce the humidity on the ground. Clean the garden, remove the diseased plants, and disinfect the diseased holes. Pay attention to ensure that the greenhouse has enough ventilation time and ventilation to reduce the air humidity. Can not flood irrigation, so as not to increase the humidity of the air. The eggplant is thermophilic and heat-resistant, and the suitable temperature for reproduction is about 25°C. The temperature is lower than 20°C and the growth is slow, and the growth stops below 15°C. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the temperature to meet the needs of the growth and development of eggplant, so that the plants grow robustly, and the disease resistance is enhanced. Strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, formula fertilization, 3000-5000 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per mu, 120-150 kg of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, and 10 kg of activin of root-originated plant to prevent fungal and bacterial diseases and physiological diseases. During the growth period of eggplant, 10 kg of seaweed per acre was sprayed with water to control disease occurrence and increase yield. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, to avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer, improve plant disease resistance. In the early stage of growth, water is poured in the morning, and in the late growth stage, it is watered in the afternoon. When there is a lot of rainwater, drain the water in time and pay attention to the control of blight and verticillium wilt. After the rain, use 3% multi-antimycin agent (500 times liquid) plus ecological source foliar fertilizer (500 times liquid) spray.
Chemical agents control the growth phase of selected pesticide spray and irrigation roots. In addition to the application of the irrigation method, the spraying head of the atomizer can also be taken out of the application. To control root rot, choose moldy spirit, copper carboxylate and other drugs. To control fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt, use potency carbendazim, copper carboxylate copper, copper ammonia, etc. to control epidemics, choose chlorothalonil and other drugs, control bacterial wilt, use difenoconazole, chlorine Brominated isocyanuric acid, cupric chloride and other drugs.
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