Prunus carpisina niponensis is referred to as peach minor damage jujube tree, but also harms apples, pears, hawthorn, peach, plum, apricot and so on. Occurrence in the jujube production area, especially the jujube production area is seriously damaged, the general pest fruit rate of 50 to 70%, seriously affecting the quality of jujube and yield. First, injurious symptoms of peach fruit and damage to apples, pears, etc. are very different. The first generation of the fruit period in July (for the young fruit period), mostly from the top of the fruit, leaving a small brown point at the hole, and a little sunken; larvae into the fruit heart, around the jujube core foraging flesh, edge Excretion at the time of eating, insects around the nucleus, no significant changes in the shape of the fruit. The late worm dates appear red, and slightly sink and shrunk. The old larvae come out from one side of this hole, and some worm dates shrink and fall off. The second generation injures the jujube fruit mostly from August to September. During this period, the jujube fruit is close to mature and difficult to distinguish in the tree. Some larvae have not yet emerged during harvesting. Into the hole is generally a small brown point, the same shape. About 1 to 3 mm around the nucleus, the flesh was eaten empty and filled with insect feces, the so-called "red bean paste." Second, the morphological characteristics Adult body length 5 ~ 8mm, wing exhibition 13 ~ 18mm, gray body, compound eye red, the front edge of the front wing has a nearly triangular brown markings, the base and the central blue-brown diagonal oblique scales. The egg is slightly long and cylindrical. It produces yellow, gradually pink, and has 2 to 3 circles of "Y" shaped burrs on the top of the egg. The egg shell has reticular pattern. The eggs are prolific in the fruit stalk, top scallop, or uneven fruit surface. Or date hanging. The young larvae are pale yellowish white or white in color. The old larvae have a body length of 13 to 16 mm, and are all pink. The late autumn knots are overwintering, flat and round, and the larvae are unearthed from May to June. They have long elliptical or spindle-shaped summer knots on the ground, and are loose in texture and have a feathering hole at one end. Third, the law of occurrence and habits Tao Xiao in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other major production areas occur every year for 2 generations, with mature larvae in the trees under the soil in the winter, the second year in mid-May began to escape Winter crickets, climbed to the base of the trees, the earth seams, and the grass roots were woven into the summer knots and phlegm. The larvae are closely related to unearthed rainfall and are generally unearthed after the rain. June is the most prosperous period. Adults appeared in the middle and early June, and from late June to early July, they were the peak of emergence. Adults lay eggs 2 to 3 days after emergence, egg period 7 to 10 days. Field eggs occur in the middle and early June and continue through to mid-to-late September. The larvae crawled on the fruit surface after hatching for about 30 minutes to find the appropriate site for boring, and about 60 minutes were drilled into the fruit. After 2 to 3 days, the beaded glue flows out of the fruit, and then it dries into white wax and stays in the hole. As the fruit enlarges and enlarges, it turns into a brown dot, and it is slightly sunken. The larvae grow in fruit and grow about 20 days old and then fall off the ground. Most of the fruit removal is early in the hidden place under the canopy or in the surface soil, and the summer pupa is released. The adult is feathered and the second generation continues. In general, the larvae that have eliminated fruit before mid-August can be larvae, completing two generations. The second generation of adults that occurred in early August was the peak of emergence during the middle and late August. It also spawned a large number of eggs and pods. During this period, the dates began to turn red, and the larvae crippled in the fruit until they were harvested. Most of them were harvested. Before harvesting, fruits are removed and winterized as winter stalks, while others are still feeding and developing within the fruit. Overwintering pods are generally within 1m from the trunk, and the maximum depth of immersion is 3-6cm. IV. Prevention and Smelting According to the characteristics of the peach fruit borer in winter in the soil and the damage of the fruit on the tree, its prevention and control should follow the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive treatmentâ€. According to the dynamic investigation of insect pests, a combination of prevention and control of the ground and trees, chemical control and artificial control combined to assist in other control measures, and strive to control the peach borer before the capsule damage. 1, reduce the number of overwintering larvae 1 picking overwintering, especially pay attention to the underground root skin cracks in the spring after thawing until the larvae unearthed, digging near the neck of the trunk; 2 Yang soil sunburn: in late autumn larvae into the soil to do the winter after the larvae We scooped the topsoil about 80cm from the trunk of the jujubes and 16cm deep in the field and scooped the insects attached to the root neck together. The insects were exposed to the surface and died after being chilled by the wind in winter and spring. 3 The mulching film on the ground within a radius of 100cm around the tree thousand springs in the spring can inhibit larvae emergence, phlegm and feathering. 4 Using the larvae's habit of focusing on wintering under the trees, pile up about 20 cm of mound within a radius of 50 cm around the trunk before the end of May, and tap and sturge to prevent overwintering larvae from unearthing. Using the first generation old mature fruit-removing larvae to do the habit of licking near the neck of the trunk, and in mid-August, a mound can be cultivated again with the same method. 5 catch overwintering larvae in the unearthed period of pharmaceutical control. For example, extinction is sprayed on the ground of 2000-3000 times, and the oil is mixed with 2.5% deltamethrin at the ratio of 100:12 and mixed with sand. The soil is excavated at an average temperature of 18°C ​​and soil water content of 9%. . 2. Adult trapping by using the peach sex attractant In a centralized production area, a trap is set every 60 to 100 square meters, which can be used as an adult season forecast to instruct spraying on the ground or spraying on a tree, and at the same time, a large number of female eggs can be trapped. Adults and male adults that have not copulated or can copulate directly play a preventive role. 3. Spraying on the trees to prevent the spraying of pods on fruit trees is performed during the incubation period of adult emergence and egg laying. Can be sprayed with 20% chrysanthemum 2000-3000 times or 2000 times 20% fenpropathrin, diflubenzuron 3 1500 times, 20% fenvalerate 4,000 times, etc., to kill adult eggs and pods The larvae, the first generation of adult worms sprayed once, and then sprayed every 10 days; the second generation of adult worms sprayed twice in succession, with an interval of 7 to 10 days. 4, removal of worms jujube in late July, the landing of the worms collected deep buried or cooked pigs, timely removal of the tree worm dates will be red in advance, the wind blows the worms picked up, concentrated burning treatment . The jujube garden chickens are encouraged, and the juvenile garden chickens can be bred from the jujube fruit to silk the overwintering larvae and the unearthed larvae, cockroaches and some feathered adults that will be excavated.
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