After entering December, the leaves of pear trees fell into dormancy, and the diseases and insects entered the latent wintering period. Doing a good job in preventing and controlling winter gardens will have a multiplier effect in mitigating pests and diseases of pears in the coming year, and will also minimize the use of pesticides in the coming year. The main technical measures are as follows:
Pruning
Pruning time is from the early December to the end of January.
Pruning method: control the height of the tree, the height of the canopy within 2.5 meters, remove the central upright branch, keep the tree air and light; according to the yield of good results branches and flower buds, select the extension of the branch; Cut pests and dead branches.
Winter Clear Garden
Cleaning orchards: Cleaning orchards can eliminate pathogens that infest wintery pear stems and deciduous weeds in orchards.
Technical points: (1) scraping bark. As the saying goes: “To eat pears and scrape the bark.†After pruning is completed, the rough old skin, cracked skin, and cracked skin on the main trunk of the pear tree are immediately scraped and the depth of skin scraping is scraped off with rough skin and diseased skin to reveal a light brown color. The cortex is suitable to reduce the wintering pests in the cracks of the rough old bark. (2) Removal of fallen or fallen leaves or orchard weeds in the orchard, and concentrated or deep-buried or burned, can increase the source of organic fertilizers and reduce the sources of overwintering diseases and insects.
Trunk whitening: trunk brush white can reduce the temperature difference between day and night trunk, play a role in antifreeze; eliminate the residual insect pests on the trunk, protect the trunk of the wound.
Technical points: After the bark is scraped, the trunk of the pear tree is painted white, starting from the rhizome to the branch within 1 m of the main branch. Preparation of whitening agent: made of 10 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of sulfur powder, 0.2 parts of salt, 0.2 parts of animal oil, and 35 parts of clear water.
Clear Pharmacy: Clear the garden with mineral and botanical agents to eliminate and eradicate overwintering pests and diseases on the dried pear stems.
Technical points: After cleaning the orchard, pharmacy clearing gardens, pear gardens dominated by alfalfa and diseases, can be sprayed with 70% thioglycol 100 times; for pear gardens with alfalfa as the main, 45% of guanhuan powder 80~ 100 times or 30% of sodium rosinate water spray 300 times, eliminate overwintering pests, reduce the pear disease in the coming year.
Deep fertilization
Fertilization increases organic fertilizer to improve soil, increase tree nutrient accumulation, and promote high-quality and high-yield pear trees in the coming year; deep-turning can kill overwintering eggs in the soil or reduce their survival rate.
Technical points: (1) Under the canopy drip line, dig deep and 30 to 40 centimeters in length and 80 to 100 centimeters in length for ditch. Apply 50 ton of organic manure and 50 ton of organic fertilizer to each bar, and 1 to 1.5 kg of compound fertilizer for fruit trees. Then cover the soil in time. (2) Tillage the orchard soil to eliminate pests and diseases such as flower buds that are overwintering in the soil, and plowing depth should be about 20 to 30 cm. (3) Clearing the orchard ditches will help the drainage and irrigation of orchards, and increase soil aeration and root vigor.
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