During the winter months, the time is rushed, and the farmers often pay insufficient attention to some matters, resulting in poor growth of vegetables after planting and many diseases. So, what problems should be paid attention to during the winter period?
The disinfection in the shed must be thorough
When changing vegetables, we must clean up the dead leaves in the shed and do a good job of disinfection inside the shed. After the vegetable is pulled out, 1000 grams of sulphur powder and sawdust are mixed per acre, and the seeds are mixed in a shed. The used farm implements are also put into the shed, and the closed shed is fumigated after dark fire for 12 hours. Can also be used 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 400 ~ 600 grams per acre medication fumigation, fumigation, closed greenhouses need to be 2 days disinfection sterilization, 1 to 2 days before planting to open ventilation vents. The soil in the shed is also to be sterilized. The surface can be sprayed with 30% Thiophanate 1000 times or 95% Hymex Agent 450 times, and then the vegetables can be planted again.
The soil must be turned deeply
Many vegetable farmers did not fully plow their land on sheds due to a hasty rush, but instead only ploughed up the vegetable crops. This is not advocated. It's best to deep-flip it by hand or use a rotary cultivator to fully plow the shed.
Basal fertilizer must be fully cooked
In winter, the temperature is low, and chicken manure accumulates outside the shed. The fermentation is often incomplete. In winter, the greenhouses are insulated and relatively airtight. If these chicken manures are not cooked, it is easy to cause harmful gases such as ammonia to accumulate in the sheds, which can damage the vegetables. Therefore, when vegetables are used for basal fertilization, it is necessary to pay attention to see if the chicken manure has fully decomposed and the appearance is yellow-brown and has an odor of unfamed chicken manure, which must be avoided. In order to increase the decomposing effect, 1000 grams of fertility and 2 cubic meters of chicken droppings can be used to mix well, and the decomposing effect is better. Certain compound fertilizers with high nitrogen content should not be used during this period.
Warming vegetables before planting
The low temperature during the deep winter period is not conducive to the rooting of vegetable seedlings after planting. Excessive humidity at low temperature can also cause root collapse. Therefore, two days before the vegetable is planted, it is necessary to seal the air outlet of the greenhouse and warm the soil so that the vegetables will be rooted and rooted as soon as possible after planting, and the seedlings will emerge as early as possible.
Mouthwash arrangements
According to the intensity of the inhibition of the weeds in vegetables, it is arranged to gargle: For the vegetables that have strong inhibitory effect on weeds, the squats can arrange vegetables with poor weed control. Some vegetables that grow rapidly or have high cultivation density, long growth period, and large leaf coverage on the ground, such as melons, cabbages, beans, potatoes, etc., have a significant inhibitory effect on weeds; carrots, celery, etc. Slow or leafy vegetables are prone to weed growth.
According to the different principles of nutrient requirements for vegetables, gargles are arranged: the leafy vegetables that require more N fertilizers, the eggplants that need more P fertilizers, and the root vegetables that need more K fertilizers are used to rotate each other, and the deep-rooted beans, Solanaceous vegetables are replaced with shallow-rooted Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cucumber, and onion and garlic vegetables, so that nutrients in different layers of the soil can be fully utilized.
According to the principle of alleviating soil acidity and balancing soil fertility, simmering will be arranged: if potato and cabbage are grown, the acidity of the soil will be increased, and the cultivation of squash will reduce the acidity of the soil. For example, if the acid-sensitive onions are arranged in corn or pumpkin, they can be obtained. Higher yields and benefits. Planting legumes can increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, and increase soil fertility. The long-term cultivation of some leafy vegetables that require more nitrogen fertilizer will cause the soil nutrients to lose balance and lead to deficiency of vegetables, thus reducing the yield and quality.
According to the principle conducive to reducing pests and diseases, gargles are provided: For example, cucumber downy mildew, wilt disease, powdery mildew, locusts, etc., have the ability to infect and transmit viruses to melons and vegetables, and it is even more unfavorable to make cucumbers. If you change other vegetables, you can Received the effect of reducing or eliminating pests and diseases.
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