Citrus plants are highly sensitive to environmental conditions, with temperature being one of the most critical factors influencing their growth and productivity. The ideal temperature range for citrus development is between 23°C and 29°C. Growth ceases when temperatures drop below 13°C or rise above 37°C. For broad-leaved oranges, the average annual temperature should be around 16.5°C to 19°C, while Satsuma mandarins are more cold-tolerant, thriving in temperatures between 15.5°C and 17.5°C. An effective accumulated temperature of over 300°C per year is recommended for optimal growth. Insufficient temperatures can hinder both growth and fruiting.
Citrus trees prefer warm climates and are vulnerable to freezing when temperatures fall below -5°C, especially if the rootstock is less cold-resistant, such as when it drops below -8°C. Cold resistance varies among different citrus varieties and is influenced by factors like tree age, vigor, cultivation practices, and exposure to prolonged low temperatures or cold winds. Generally, vigorous trees are less cold-tolerant, while those in deep dormancy are more resilient. Lemons, for example, have lower cold resistance, while kumquats and mandarins enter full dormancy during winter, making them the hardiest.
High temperatures also impact citrus quality. Excessive heat can cause thinning of the peel, reduced acidity, and a loss of fruit color, which decreases storage life. Temperatures above 40°C can lead to sunburn on fruits and branches, causing damage that affects yield in the current or following season. High temperatures may also trigger premature fruit drop and wilting.
To prevent frost damage, several measures can be taken. Selecting cold-resistant varieties and rootstocks, choosing suitable planting sites, and establishing windbreaks are all important strategies. Proper management, including soil care, pest control, winter fertilization, timely harvesting, and pruning, enhances the tree's ability to withstand cold. Additional methods include watering before freezing, covering trunks with mulch, using smoke fires to create a protective layer, removing snow from branches, and applying anti-freeze agents.
After freezing injury, it's essential to provide proper care. Fertilizing early in spring helps restore nutrient balance, while pruning damaged parts prevents further stress. Pest control is crucial, as frozen trees are more susceptible to diseases and pests. Maintaining healthy soil, controlling weeds, and ensuring good drainage are also key steps in recovery.
In winter, protecting citrus trees from cold is vital. Applying winter fertilizer, covering the orchard with straw or organic matter, and performing antifreeze irrigation help maintain stable soil temperatures. Soil mounding around the base of trees, wrapping trunks with straw, and painting trunks white with a lime-based mixture can offer additional protection. Removing late autumn shoots and using oil sprays or hormones can also help prevent leaf damage.
Creating windbreaks with bamboo or trees reduces wind speed and improves cold resistance. Smoke burning with sawdust and weeds can generate a protective layer during cold spells. These combined efforts ensure better survival and healthier citrus crops through the winter months.
Our polypropylene cap is specially produced for pharmaceutical packaging industry. We can develop new types according to your customized requirements. In the current stage, we have four leading products such as Pull-Ring Cap, break-off cap,Foil Cap and BFS cap. You can choose the type according to your requirements. The materials we used for our products are in high quality and our clean workshop reach to Class 10000-1000000.The high standard working environment allows us to offer your excellent products. If you are trying to look for a long-term stable business cooperator, maybe we are your best choice.
Pp Cap, Pull Ring Cap, Flip Cap, PP Cap For Water Bag
Suzhou CRH New Material Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.crh-health.com