In the autumn, nectarine trees require additional care after harvest to replenish their nutrients and ensure healthy growth for the following year. The development of fruit trees in the next season—such as budding, leaf expansion, branching, flowering, and fruit set—relies heavily on the nutrients stored during the current growing season. If the tree’s nutrient reserves are insufficient, it can negatively affect future yields. Therefore, proper autumn management is crucial, and there are six key steps to consider:
First, pruning should be done promptly to remove dense, weak, or unproductive branches, such as overlapping, crossing, or old branch groups. Strong vertical branches or those at the top of the canopy should be pruned back, while upright branches with competing growth should be bent or pressed down to control their growth and encourage flower bud formation. This helps improve fruiting potential. Additionally, late-season shoots should be removed to promote branch maturation.
Second, it's important to prevent pests and diseases by spraying a mixture of antibiotics and Diflubenzuron. A 400-500 times dilution of antibiotics combined with a 3200 times dilution of Diflubenzuron can help control leaf diseases and pests, reducing early defoliation and enhancing photosynthesis efficiency.
Third, the tree platform should be cleared to prevent waterlogging. Proper drainage is essential, so the area around the tree should be shaped with higher ground inside and lower outside. For low-lying orchards, digging trenches can help manage excess water and avoid root damage.
Fourth, autumn basal fertilization should follow the principle of "early, full, rich, and wide." High-quality organic fertilizer should be applied along with a balanced amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The quantity of fertilizer depends on the tree's size and health—smaller or weaker trees need more. Fertilizer is typically placed in trenches 30–50 cm deep and 50 cm wide under the tree canopy, mixing with topsoil before covering. In areas with shallow roots, apply fertilizer in the 20–40 cm root zone. After harvest, foliar sprays of potassium dihydrogen phosphate (300 times diluted) can also be used to support leaf health.
Fifth, soil turning in autumn helps eliminate overwintering pests. Many insect larvae and mites hide in the top 10 cm of soil beneath the tree canopy, and tilling the soil can reduce their population.
Lastly, after planting winter crops, it's important to irrigate with frozen water. Watering should be done based on soil moisture levels, ensuring that the dry layer is adequately moistened. It's best to do this no later than mid-November to avoid freezing damage.
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