In order to obtain high quality and high yields of planted citrus in the new year, the management of winter management in the citrus garden is a crucial technical link.
First, the role
The winter tube can fertilize the soil and adjust the structure of the crown, so that the orange tree can be harvested as soon as possible to restore the tree vigor and kill overwintering pathogens and eggs, laying the foundation for the quality and yield of citrus in the second year.
Second, time
From November to the second year before germination.
Third, the main technical measures
1. Fertilization:
(1) Time: Fertilizer can be applied from 15 days before harvesting to 2 years before harvesting, but it is the best fertilization before the end of November of that year.
(2) Open position: The fertilization nest should be opened in the canopy dripping area as it is slightly closer to the inside. This is a large distribution point of citrus fibrous roots, which facilitates the absorption of fertilizer by fibrous roots. When the second fertilization is performed, it is not possible to open the nest at the first fertilization point, and the fertilization should be changed to a new location to facilitate the uniform absorption of nourishment by other fibrous roots.
(3) Open nest specifications: can open a half-ring nest or pig slot nest, nest open 30 cm wide, 30 cm deep, flat bottom.
(4) Fertilizer amount: The average tree with an annual output of 50 kilograms of fruit should be applied with manure from 50 to 100 kilograms. It is necessary to grasp the principles of a small tree and a large number of trees.
(5) Back cover: fertilize, etc. After the manure is soaked and then covered with soil, it can fully decompose the fiber organic matter in the fertilizer to facilitate fibrous root absorption, and at the same time, ensure that the fertilizer is not washed away by rain and light. Evaporation increases the effect of fertilization.
2. Turn over the soil and clean the park:
(1) Time: Before fruit is harvested before the second year of germination.
(2) Role: Remove the residues, leaves, weeds, or weeds from the garden and turn them into soil for organic fertilizer. When soil is turned over, the pathogenic bacteria and eggs that pass through the soil during wintering will be turned over, and feeding birds and birds through cold weather will reduce the damage caused by citrus diseases and pests in the coming year.
(3) Principle: The principle of shallow depth should be mastered when plowing. That is to say, the far away from the tree pocket can be deep-turned. Some fibrous roots that grow out of the soil can be cut off, and the roots of the citrus tree can be increased from the new long into the soil. surface.
3. Trim:
(1) Time: Winter can be cut after harvesting until the second year of germination.
(2) Effect: Citrus branches are too dense to allow wind and light to pass through, which can easily lead to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, which will seriously affect the quality and yield of citrus. Therefore, pruning is one of the important technical measures for high quality and high yield of citrus trees.
(3) Method:
a. First observe the composition of the branches of the crown around the four branches of the orange tree, which will cover the sun and disturb the dense branches of the tree, and cut off 1 to 3 branches so that the sunlight shines into the canopy.
b. Be big and small first, that is, after cutting big branches, cut off the weak trees on the branches of each main branch.
c. Cut off the pockets, the actual births on the trunk, and cut off the dry and dead branches, pests and branches, and fruit stalks. Uniform distribution of whole orange tree branches, ventilation and light transmission.
4. Spraying:
(1) Time: After the fruit is harvested until the end of February of the second year.
(2) Effect: It can kill the overwintering bacteria and eggs in the canopy and reduce the damage of the diseases and insects in the coming year.
(3) Method:
According to the first order after the pruning spray.
a. The crystal lime sulfur or self-tanning of lime sulfur converted to Baume 1 degree, spray canopy.
b. The spray should be sprayed into a mist, sprayed from the top down, so that the surface of the leaf by the drug, and then spray from the bottom to the back of the leaves evenly by the drug. When the medicine is sprayed, it cannot be sprayed until the water is drained. This wastes the liquid medicine.
c. The tree trunk, main trunk, and main trunk should also be sprayed to kill overwintering germs and eggs.
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