How to feed bait scientifically to avoid waste, prevent water pollution, and achieve high yields? Based on years of farming experience, I’d like to share some key points that can help farmers optimize their feeding practices.
First, during the initial training phase, freshwater fish tend to stay at the bottom of the pond and avoid coming to the surface. This is because they are more comfortable with their environment and naturally feed on bottom algae. In the first three days, the fish usually don’t eat the bait. After this period, you can start feeding at 8:30 AM and 4:30 PM daily. The amount should be around 3% of the total fish biomass. This training period usually lasts for 2 to 3 days.
Second, once the fish are fully trained, they will gather near the feeding area, and most of them will come to the surface during feeding time. This indicates that they have entered a normal feeding cycle. As feeding continues, you may notice the water becoming slightly cloudy, which is normal. Once feeding stops, no fish should be seen floating at the surface.
Third, the appropriate feeding amount depends on the growth stage of the fish. Typically, it’s recommended to feed 1.25% to 1.5% of the total fish weight. This ensures optimal growth while minimizing waste and cost.
Fourth, some important precautions should be taken. If the pond has good water circulation and no pollution, maintain a consistent feeding schedule. However, if the water quality turns green or dark, it's best to stop feeding for 2–3 days. During this time, the fish can rely on naturally occurring food like algae. Avoid feeding on windy or rainy days, as this can cause stress or disrupt feeding behavior. Also, make sure to finish feeding by 4:30 PM to prevent oxygen depletion, which can lead to fish floating at the surface.
Lastly, there is a general ratio between feed input and fish output. For every 0.8 kg of feed given, you can expect about 0.5 kg of fish growth. So, for one ton of fish, you should feed approximately 1,600 kg of bait.
By following these guidelines, farmers can improve efficiency, reduce environmental impact, and maximize their harvests.
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