The application of chemical fertilizers to manage crop pests and diseases not only helps avoid phytotoxicity caused by improper pesticide use, but also significantly enhances crop growth. This method is safe, cost-effective, and efficient. Below are several commonly used chemical fertilizers that have proven beneficial in pest and disease control:
1. Ammonium bicarbonate, often referred to as gas fertilizer, has strong insecticidal properties. When planting crops like sweet potatoes or potatoes, mixing 15–25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre with organic manure into the soil can reduce earthworm damage by over 80%. Applying 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre for vegetables can greatly reduce damage from underground pests such as root worms and small ground beetles. Diluting ammonium bicarbonate 80–100 times and spraying it on cotton plants effectively controls aphids and improves leaf health.
2. Ammonia, a chemical alkaline fertilizer, is effective in killing pests and disinfecting. When cotton suffers from yellow wilt or blight, applying 40 kg of ammonia water per acre can significantly reduce disease incidence. Using ammonia as a base fertilizer for cucumbers helps control cucumber diseases. For Chinese cabbage, applying 35 kg of diluted ammonia (50 times) per acre can prevent virus disease. Ammonia is also effective against snails, cockroaches, and rice field grasshoppers.
3. Phosphatic fertilizers can help control pests and diseases. Spraying cotton with a 2% solution of superphosphate leaching liquid can repel cotton bollworms and kill spider mites, cockroaches, and other pests. Spraying tomatoes with a 1% solution of calcium superphosphate leaching liquid can effectively prevent blossom end rot.
4. Silicon-calcium fertilizers enhance plant resistance to pests. When applied to crops, silicon accumulates in the epidermal cells, forming a hard protective layer that makes it difficult for pests to penetrate. This increases the crop's ability to resist infestations. Field tests show that applying 30–40 kg of silicon and calcium fertilizer per acre to corn, sorghum, soybeans, and beans can effectively prevent corn borers and soybean meal damage.
5. Grass ash can be used to kill pests. Mixing 10 kg of grass ash with 50 kg of water and letting it soak overnight, then using the filtrate for spraying, can effectively control aphids on fruit trees, crops, and flowers. It also provides potassium fertilizer, enhancing crop resilience and wind resistance for young plants.
In addition, spraying tomato plants with a 500-fold dilution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate can help prevent tomato mosaic virus. A 0.2% boric acid solution sprayed on cucumbers can prevent downy mildew. These methods offer practical, natural, and effective alternatives for sustainable crop protection.
Breathing System
For the treatment of diseases of the respiratory system:
Diseases and conditions of the respiratory system fall into two categories: Viruses such as influenza, bacterial pneumonia and the new enterovirus respiratory virus that has been diagnosed in children; and chronic diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). According to Dr. Neal Chaisson, who practices pulmonary medicine at the Cleveland Clinic, there is not much that can be done for viral infections but to let them run their course. "Antibiotics are not effective in treating viruses and the best thing to do is just rest," he said.
COPD is the intersection of three related conditions - chronic bronchitis, chronic asthma and emphysema, Chaisson told Live Science. It is a progressive disease that makes it increasingly difficult for sufferers to breath.
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the lung airways that causes coughing, wheezing, chest tightness or shortness of breath, according to Tonya Winders, president of the Allergy & Asthma Network. These signs and symptoms may be worse when a person is exposed to their triggers, which can include air pollution, tobacco smoke, factory fumes, cleaning solvents, infections, pollens, foods, cold air, exercise, chemicals and medications.
Lung cancer is often associated with smoking, but the disease can affect non-smokers as well. Every year, about 16,000 to 24,000 Americans die of lung cancer, even though they have never smoked, according to the American Cancer Society. Like all cancers, lung cancer is caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells.
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