Chinese Academy of Sciences Researches Nitrogen Control Technology

For many years, China has struggled with the issue of low fertilizer utilization and significant nutrient loss, which not only causes economic waste but also leads to persistent problems such as blue-green algae blooms, food contamination, and risks to human and animal health. A breakthrough in nitrogen fertilizer loss control technology developed by the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has shown promising results after two years of large-scale field trials in Chaohu waters. Compared to traditional chemical fertilizers, this "available" nitrogen fertilizer has increased its utilization rate by over 20%, with an average improvement of 14.2% across all test sites. Recently, representatives from the Anhui Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Development and Reform Commission, Environmental Protection Bureau, Hefei Science and Technology Bureau, Chinese Academy of Sciences Biology Bureau, and Capital Resources Development Bureau, along with over 100 frontline researchers and technicians, attended a demonstration summary and academic seminar on the "loss-control" fertilizer technology. Experts explain that the "fertilizer loss control" technology, developed through years of research by the Key Laboratory of Ion Beam Bioengineering, uses natural materials—specifically macromolecular nanomaterials derived from Anhui's abundant attapulgite clay. Through biological modification, these materials utilize their natural adsorption and colloidal properties, combined with synergistic effects, to form a large network that captures nutrients, thereby reducing loss, improving efficiency, and minimizing environmental impact. The technology was initially transferred to Anhui Yuanyuan Biotechnology Company and is now undergoing industrialization. The "loss-controlled" fertilizer, produced using this technology, has been tested in the Chaohu Lake watershed for two years and has yielded excellent results. Compared to conventional fertilizers, the "available" nitrogen utilization rate has improved by more than 20%, and crop yields have increased across all test sites, with an average rise of 14.2%. During heavy rain tests in the Hefei area, the combined runoff loss of nitrogen and phosphorus from sloped fields decreased by 47.8% compared to regular fertilizers. Soil nitrogen levels increased from 60% to 90%. Experts note that this type of fertilizer is easy to produce, cost-effective, user-friendly, water-retentive, long-lasting, high-yielding, and resistant to pests and lodging. It can be widely applied to large-scale crops, mid- to high-end economic plants, flowers, seedlings, grasslands, and even golf courses. Moreover, experts highlight that "loss-controlled" fertilizers only need to be applied once per season, significantly reducing labor costs and easing the burden on farmers. This innovation represents a major step forward in sustainable agriculture and environmental protection.

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The functional mode of NVR technology application is relatively flexible and can meet the functional requirements of today's video monitoring system to a large extent. The small NVR scheme with NVR technology as the core has the advantages of small scale, flexible operation, convenient use, economy and practicality. Its front end mainly supports 8-way 720P high-definition video image access with high-definition video camera, and then realizes the centralized management and real-time storage of high-definition video image information through NVR technology. In addition, this small NVR scheme can also support remote management of video images, preview analysis of video images, real-time upload of gigabit network interface video image data, local preview, video playback and other functions. The small NVR high-definition video scheme has a high overall cost performance ratio, simple system and high operational flexibility. This small NVR high-definition video monitoring system is widely used in the centralized video monitoring field in small areas such as companies, factories, family villas, offices, shops, supermarkets, etc.

With the further increase of functional requirements for high-definition video monitoring system, the video monitoring system is required to have the technical performance of expansion, cascade and standard ONVIF communication protocol. The HD cameras of different manufacturers and brands at the front end of the video monitoring system can be organically interconnected through NVR equipment. In this way, a unified functional integrated LAN can be built through NVR to achieve NVR cascade, expansion and mass storage in the video monitoring system. In addition, a centralized advanced application management technology platform is built at the back end through NVR expansion, which can uniformly manage and configure the NVR device group to achieve multi-user forwarding and various application function services (forwarding/management server group) within the region, mainly including: forwarding server, management server, storage database, on-demand server, advanced client application software and other functional modules. The medium-sized NVR high-definition video system is usually used in the medium-sized high-definition video surveillance projects with routes below 1000. Its advantages are that NVR can achieve distributed layout and centralized and unified storage, and its operation stability is high. The back-end technology platform carries out unified management and application, and can achieve multi-user and multi-level integrated and unified application services. The secondary medium-sized network mainly focuses on the urban video monitoring architecture of district, county or prefecture level cities. It realizes the storage of video image data and the centralized communication management of access to front-end equipment through NVR, thus realizing the storage, management, client video image preview, local decoding on the wall and other service application functions of front-end high-definition camera video. At the same time, it can also be authorized by the provincial video monitoring center, The video image information can be previewed, controlled and shared among clients of different levels of users, fully meeting the normal video monitoring function requirements of secondary users in cities such as prefectures, counties and cities.
On the basis of the secondary network structure, a large NVR high-definition video system is built by converging into the primary network through private networks, optical networks, and public service networks. The storage and forwarding services of the primary network are realized through the industrial control NVR, and the redundant and safe backup of the video monitoring system is realized at the same time. This distributed multi-level coordinated back-end centralized management network mode greatly provides the overall function and fault tolerance of the video monitoring system, highlights the ease of operation and reliability of the high-definition video monitoring system based on NVR technology, and meets the flexibility, multi-function performance, sharing Emergency handling and other functional requirements.

NVR technology has been widely promoted and applied in urban safe storage, national security and other engineering projects with its own advantages in many aspects. Driven by market and technology, NVR technology will become the mainstream technology in the field of urban security high-definition video surveillance, with very strong theoretical research and practical application prospects

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