When choosing a site for large-scale pigeon breeding, an architectural loft is essential. The ideal location should meet the following basic conditions:
1. The terrain should be high and dry with good drainage. Ideally, it should face south or southeast to ensure proper ventilation, natural lighting, and comfort in both summer and winter.
2. There must be a reliable and clean water supply. Planting some trees around the site can help provide shade and improve air quality.
3. The location should have convenient transportation access to easily move feed, products, and waste in and out of the area.
4. A stable power supply is necessary for lighting, heating, and other operational needs.
The design of the loft depends on the number of pigeons being raised and their growth stage.
(1) Breeding lofts are typically designed for individual pairs of pigeons. Each pair is housed in a single cage made of iron mesh. The standard size is usually 70 cm in length, 50 cm in width, and 50 cm in height. These cages are often divided into two levels, with a partition in the middle where eggs are laid. A nesting bowl, about 25 cm in diameter and 8 cm in height, is placed on the partition to help separate hatching and brooding. Each cage also has a feeding trough, a water dish, and a sand cup.
The lofts can be open-style, enclosed with movable tarps, or built within bungalows using dovetailed cages. Each cage includes a removable platform for cleaning feces. This type of setup keeps the pigeons clean, makes it easier to monitor them, and improves fertilization, hatching, and survival rates. However, one drawback is that pigeons cannot engage in natural bathing or exercise.
(2) In group breeding lofts, the structure is usually a single-row cottage. Each unit is typically 12-18 meters long, 2.5 meters high, and 1.1 meters wide. These spaces are divided into 4-6 small rooms using cages or wire nets. Each room can house 32 breeding pairs or 50 young pigeons. A single person can manage up to 128-192 breeding pairs or 200-300 young birds.
Each loft has front and rear windows, with the front window lower and the rear window higher to aid in airflow. Two foot wells, located 40 cm above the ground on the back wall, help with ventilation. A 1-meter-wide passage runs in front of the loft, with doors opening directly into this corridor. On either side of the passage, there are 30 cm wide and 5 cm deep drains.
In front of the loft, there is a spacious outdoor area, at least twice the size of the building itself. This area is surrounded by wire mesh on the top and three sides, with open doors at both ends of the corridor. River sand should be laid on the ground, and it should be replaced regularly. Homemade drinking fountains can be created by filling a bottle with water, cutting a small hole in the bottom, and flipping it upside down so that a small bowl of water remains. A board placed over the window allows pigeons to rest.
Outside the sports area, plant trees or build a shaded shed. Provide a tub (36 cm in diameter and 15 cm deep) for the pigeons to bathe in. After each use, the wastewater should be drained immediately. In winter, maintain a temperature above 6°C to keep the pigeons comfortable.
(3) For smaller-scale or family-based pigeon breeding, a simple loft can be constructed using existing spaces like courtyards, old houses, or rooftop balconies. As long as it provides protection from wind, rain, and pests such as snakes and rats, it can work well. In rural areas, old buildings with holes or gatehouses can also serve as suitable lofts. In colder northern regions, additional heating measures may be needed to ensure the pigeons stay warm during the winter.
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