Little tomato cultivation management (3)

10, wilt disease Fusarium wilt
The thick film sap of the pathogen germinates and the germination tube really invades the root tip or root wound, and the tomato is sick at the seedling stage, which will cause rapid death of the seedlings. The larger plants are sick and often delay until the end of the disease. First, the midrib permeabilizes and the upper part of the growth, and from the lower part of the leaf, the upper part of the plant gradually grows yellow and withering. The initial disease often occurs only on one side of the plant, and the sap from the cut surface reveals visibly browning of the vascular bundle, followed by drooping petiole. The whole plant died.
Control methods; (1) adjust the soil pH value to 6 ? 7; (2) plant resistant varieties; (3) the disease can spread through the seed carrier, help choose healthy seeds and seedlings.
11, Gray spot spot
Gray spot disease mainly damages the leaves and does not harm the fruits. The initial disease showed small yellow halos in the leaves. When the most severely damaged, the leaves spread many small spots. When the plaque is slightly enlarged, the tissue in the middle of the plaque turns brown and breaks, and the blade of the trail causes rapid dryness to turn brown and fall.
12. Silver leaf worm Bemisia argentifolii Bollowgperring
The whiteflies of the whiteflies have strong fertility on the anniversary. The parasites are widespread. Adults lay their eggs on the back of the tomato leaves. The hatched larvae are 4 years old, and they have enough feet to crawl in 1 year to find proper feeding sites. On the back of the leaf, the adults will be hovered slightly above or around the crop and return to the original point. The long distance is also transferred to the spread of the wind. In addition to the direct suction of plant fluids, the insects can cause growth failure, and can spread tomato leaf curl virus. Adults and larvae secrete honeydew to induce coal disease. The heaviest conditions affect plant photosynthesis and the quality of fruit, and even lead to tillage. . From March to May and from September to November is the peak period.
Control methods: (1) Use green sticky plates or water-like traps to kill adult insects; (2) Do not apply excessive nitrogenous fertilizers to avoid overgrowth and excessive growth of plants and encourage their occurrence; (3) Control agent has 96% of edanine solution 1500 times , 2.8% Difening emulsion 1000 times or 2% Abashi spill emulsion 1000 times, and comply with safe harvest period.
13, Tomato nightfly Helicoverpa armigera
In the 8th generation of the tomato moth, adults use nectar to feed on the larvae. The larvae are estimated to feed on the stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits or on the stems, and the most important ones are flowering organs that affect pollination. The hazard is that the larvae feed on the young fruit or mature fruit from around the fruit pedicle, causing the fruit to rot without commercial value, and the larvae have the habit of killing each other. Old mature larvae produce fruit in the kidney, flowering to young fruit period for the prosperous period, seriously affecting the yield and quality of tomatoes.
Control methods: (1) The use of pheromones to seduce male moths; (2) Control agents are 10.3% of Tremendaceae WP 3000 times, 32.5% of Sulfuramide Water Dispersive emulsion 1000 times, 2.8% of Dimening Emulsion 1500 times and comply with safe harvest period.
14. Liriomyza bryoniae Kaltenbach
The common name: Pest-killer is about 20 generations old. Adults use the spawn tube to pierce the tissues of the abdomen to suck juice or lay eggs in the leaf tissues. The victim leaves show white spots. The hatched larvae can eat leafy leaves in the leaves. Only the upper and lower epidermis are left, and the appearance of the tunnel is gray and white, and the damaged leaves are dry. Old mature larvae phlegm on plastic sheets covered in soil or saggers. There are three peaks in tomato on the tomato, one is 2-5 leaf in the seedling stage, and the other is the old leaf in the latter part of the results. If the damage is serious, the whole circumference is a scene of scorching.
Control methods: (1) Use yellow sticks or leeches to trap and kill adult worms. (2) Control agents include 2000% of 2% Abantene emulsion, 500% of 24% Europaste solution, 500 times of 2.8% Dichlorfen emulsion, or 5000% of 2.8% Sai Mian Ning wettable powder. Safety must be observed. Harvest period.
[V. Harvesting]
Harvest of small fruits and tomatoes is harvested when the fruits are red and the hardness is high. Taiwan still supplies the fresh fruit market in the form of fruit preserves. Consumers judge the freshness of tomatoes with their fruit color. High-quality cherry tomatoes should have a sugar content of 7 degrees or more. Xia Du should harvest early to avoid loss due to fruit drop or cracking.
[6. Precautions]
Due to the existence of dwarf genes in semi-suspended tomatoes, dwarfing plants are inevitably present in offspring. The proportion of these dwarfing plants differs depending on the environmental conditions during the growth period and the level of management, and can be removed or performed at the seedling stage. Strong pruning, adding nitrogen fertilizer method Deng to improve, in addition should also choose a high groundwater, good drainage, fertile soil, sufficient sunshine, good ventilation and cultivation, in order to obtain maximum cultivation benefits.

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