1. Timely irrigation and drainage. In fruit ripening stage, the water consumption of the plant is reduced sharply, and the ability of water absorption in the roots is weakened. If there is too much autumn rain and poor drainage, it will cause root rot, stem blight, and rotten fruit disease. Therefore, we must pay attention to remove water in a timely manner. In addition, the water consumption of the plant during this period is small, but when it encounters drought, the root system is apt to decline, causing the parietal lobe to fall off, and the stem branch also declines and causes a reduction in yield. Therefore, it is still necessary to water the drought in time.
2. Control trees and increase fruit. The crusting period is the most prosperous period of peanut growth, and it is also the period of peak water requirement. The lack of water and fertilizer will affect the growth process of the plant and the fullness of the fruit. However, the foundation of soil fertility and the attack of fertilizer and water during the flowering period can also cause the plants to grow too long and seal the line prematurely, resulting in canopy closure in the field. The needles are high and the needles are unreal and the fruit is not full. Therefore, in the first 30 to 50 days after flowering, when the main stem is as high as 35-40 cm and the first pair of lateral branches is 8-10, and the average length is greater than 10 cm, the chemical should be sprayed on the leaves in time.
3. Leaf spray fertilizer. After the crusting stage, the absorption capacity of peanut roots weakened, and the main nutrients of stems and leaves were insufficient. The leaves at the base of stems gradually fell off. Before harvest, there were only 4 to 6 top leaves per stem, which was to maintain the vigor of the whole plant and carry out photosynthesis. basis. In order to enhance the leaf vigor and extend the functional period, the foliar fertilizer should be sprayed from the later stage of the results, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and sprayed 2 or 3 times. Each time, 500 grams of urea per acre, 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 50 kilograms of added water are diluted and sprayed.
4. Disease prevention and pest control. The main diseases are leaf spot, rust, cotton bollworm, aphids, cockroaches and other pests. Leaf spot disease should be sprayed once every 10 to 15 days according to the disease condition, and sprayed 3 to 4 times; rust disease should be started when the diseased plant is seen, sprayed once every 10 to 15 days, and even sprayed 2~3. Second, the commonly used agents are 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1500 times, 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times, 20% Green Milk Emulsion 30% Green Depot EC 500 to 600 times. Pests should be treated early.
5. timely harvest. It is particularly important to determine the appropriate harvest period for peanuts. Generally, it can be determined from the following three aspects whether or not peanuts have reached the harvest period: A look at the growth period. The growth period of common peanut varieties is about 125 days. Second look at the temperature. When the average day-night temperature is below 12°C, the plants basically stop growing and can be harvested at this time. Three to see plants. Under normal circumstances, when peanuts enter the final stage, most of the nutrients in the plants have been transported into the pods. The plants show an aging state. The tops stop growing, the upper leaves turn yellow, and the base and middle leaves fall off. Most of the time The fruit is full and can be harvested.
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