Full-blown wheat disease occurs in some areas of our country. Once it occurs, it can cause serious damage for several years and continue for many years. It is a devastating disease.
Whole wheat fungal pathogens infect wheat roots and stem bases, forming dark brown lesions, similar to black plaster or "black feet." Wheat can be infected throughout the growing season, but it is more susceptible to disease at the seedling stage, resulting in greater losses. The diseased plants were slightly shorter than the healthy plants and the tillers were reduced. The leaves at the base of the returning green stage were yellow, and the panicles in the panicle stage were clustered or withered in the panicles, which was easy to pull out. There is a layer of gray-black mycelium on the inside of the sheath of the base of the diseased plant, and a small black spot, which is a protuberance, is the ascospora of the pathogen.
Full-bleeding wheat is a kind of soil habitual bacteria, which means that pathogens can survive, dormant and overwinter on the soil in the body, which is the main source of disease. Soils and seeds mixed with diseased bodies can also spread diseases. In particular, the transfer of seeds may cause new diseases. Rotation or all the measures conducive to the decomposition of the diseased body, such as ploughing, increasing organic matter, and flooding, can all reduce the total erosion. Infected plants generally do not cause new infections in the year, but only increase the amount of bacteria in the second year. There is an interesting phenomenon in wheat full-blown disease, which is called "natural decline". That is to say, as the number of total rot pathogens in soil increases, the number of microorganisms that can inhibit them will gradually increase, resulting in disease progression after a few years of disease epidemics. Reducing the phenomenon of death.
Preventive measures: Rational rotation, in the sporadic wards can be a non-host crop for 1 to 2 years, such as: rice, cotton, tobacco, potatoes, beets, broad beans, peas and so on. To this end, crop layout should be adjusted and wheat area should be properly controlled. For plots that have had a history of several years, it is possible to insist on continuous cropping of wheat or corn to allow it to decline naturally; plant resistant (resistant) varieties; increase application of organic and phosphate fertilizers, strengthen water and fertilizer management, and eliminate disinfected manure; Seed quarantine; 12.15% of the total choice for chemical control (tsiaflurazitone) 20-30 ml of water evenly sprayed on 10 kg of seeds, boring after 6 to 12 hours to dry sowing. In addition, various triazoles such as difenoconazole (dimethoxazole), pometrino (sterilazole), tylosin (flucylonitrile) and ricketazole (tebuconazole), or Pseudomonas fluorescens Preparation seed dressing also has better control effect. In wheat, it can spray 70% tebuconazole 2000-3000 times liquid or 12.5% ​​podrolizole (ennozolol) wettable powder 600-1000 times liquid or spray fluorescent eclipsing, corrosion enemy and other fluorescent pseudo unit cells. Bacillus preparations. Pay attention to let the liquid penetrate the stem base.
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