In the past two years, soybean meal has been found to be heavier in the soybean planting areas in Jidong, and the soybean strain rate is 10% to 100%. Because soybean meal harms soybeans by sucking soybean stems, leaves, flowers, and sap, farmers' friends do not know enough about this pest, and they are often neglected to prevent and control, causing a serious decline in soybean production and quality. At present, the spring sowing of soybeans gradually enters the flowering stage, and pests and insect pests should be promptly investigated.
First, the harm of soybean meal
The pods that endanger soybeans in the east of Gansu Province are mainly two types of bees and their relatives. The adults and nymphs suck the sap of tender stems, leaves, flowers, and pods of soybeans. In the early stages of the victim's leaves, irregular yellow spots or macular spots appeared. In later stages, some of the leaves became purple-brown due to malnutrition. Severe leaves or whole leaves were dry and there were holes with varying degrees and irregularities. Soybean plants could not fall off normally. The buds, flowers, and pods are littered, or fruit pods do not form pods, resulting in reduced soybean production and decreased quality. In addition to damaging soybeans, soybean meal also harms other leguminous plants as well as sweet potato, cotton, gourd, corn, wheat, rice and other crops.
Second, the main morphological characteristics and habits of soybean meal
1. The main morphological features: point bee edge adult body length 15 ~ 17 mm, body narrow, yellow-brown to dark brown; bees edge body length 13 ~ 15 mm, width 3 mm, body narrow, brown. The yellow smooth spots on both sides of the head and chest of the bees were spotted or disappeared; the smooth edges of the bees on the head and chest of the bees were smooth and complete. The bees were as pale brown as the pre-wing diaphragm and slightly longer than at the end of the abdomen; the edge of the bee was slightly curved inwards at the proximal end of the front edge of the front wing leather flap, and the first section of the abdomen was narrower than the rest. The edge of the bees was slightly exposed on the lateral edge of the abdomen, yellow and black, and many irregular black spots were scattered under the abdomen. The abdomen of the bees was pale yellow-brown on the abdomen, with black spots on the ends of each section. The beetle's hind legs are thick and have yellow spots. The tarsal knots are curved to the back; after the bees and tusks, there is a prominent protrusion on the inner side of the base of the foot and legs, and a black thorn in the leg joints. Both the bees and the bees on the front of the compound eye become triangular in shape, and the back of the beak forms a triangle. The antennae are 4 knots, the fourth quarter is longer than the second and third quarters, and the second is the shortest; foot and body. The same color; the egg is long and semi-oval. The nymphs of the bees and the bees are like ants in 1 to 4 years of age. The 5th-age body is like an adult and has only short wings.
2. Habits: Bean pods use adult worms to survive in underbrush, tree holes, and eaves. Occurs for 2 to 3 generations each year, and the adults overwinter in mid-to late October to mid-late November. Adults and nymphs are extremely lively during the day and are slightly dull in the morning and evening. When the sun is strong, they mostly inhabit the back of the host's leaves. After the newly hatched nymphs have stopped on the eggshell for half a day, they begin to feed. Adult mating mostly occurs in the morning. The eggs are prolific in the petiole and the leaves of the back, a small number produced in the foliage and tender stems, scattered, occasional production line.
Third, prevention and control measures
1. Agricultural measures Prevention: First, before and during the period of soybean planting, remove the weeds in the fields and fields, or select suitable herbicides for chemical weeding to eliminate the host of soybean meal. Second, after the harvest of soybeans or other harvested crops, timely removal of litter and weeds in the field, and bring them out of the field to burn, destroy part of the overwintering adults, reduce the density of overwintering population.
2. Control of chemical agents: At the time of soybean larval larvae and adult pests, 9 to 10 o'clock in the morning or 4 to 5 o'clock in the afternoon, use 10% imidacloprid WP 4000 times, or 3,000 times 5% of acetamiprid EC. Liquid, or 3% avermectin EC 5000 times, or 5% cypermethrin EC 2000 times, MU liquid 45 to 60 kg, stem and leaf spray control. Spray once every 5 to 7 days, even spray 2 or 3 times, do not spray when spraying spray does not leak.
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