Release date: 2014-06-13
On June 26, 2003, when the Confederations Cup semi-final Cameroon played Colombia for 72 minutes, Cameroonian player Marc-Vivien Foe suddenly fell to the ground and died after being rescued. He was only 28 years old. Foe's sudden death shocked the entire football world. Autopsy found evidence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is also the main cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.
In the next decade, the FIFA Center for Medical Assessment and Research (F-MARC) partnered with researchers in sports medicine worldwide to introduce new measures to address sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). As the first match of the World Cup in Brazil approaches, FIFA will maintain the heart health of the players and take adequate precautions on the other hand.
Cardiac arrest is defined as "burst, accidental loss of heart function, breathing and consciousness." It is usually caused by the destruction of the heart's pumping action, which causes blood flow to no longer flow to other parts of the body. This is different from myocardial infarction, which occurs when blood flowing to the heart is blocked. However, it can also cause cardiac arrest.
According to Jiri Dvorak, the chief medical officer of FIFA, they now conduct a physical examination of all players and referees before each game to determine which people are prone to heart problems. F-MARC has also developed training programs for caregivers, medical staff and team doctors who will respond to cardiac arrest on the field as soon as possible.
Last year, FIFA announced that it would distribute a life-saving kit. FIFA’s emergency medical kit will be sent to each member and placed on the sidelines of all competition venues. These medical kits include automatic external defibrillators (AEDs), instructional videos, and emergency medical kits.
Currently, FIFA's methods for preventing and managing cardiac arrest do not include laboratory diagnostic tests. There are also tests that can assess cardiac damage after cardiac events, such as troponin testing, creatine kinase (CK), and isoenzyme (CK-MB) testing. These can detect proteins released during a heart attack. However, there are currently no diagnostic tests that can predict heart disease or cardiac arrest.
Preventive screening measures taken by FIFA include pre-match medical assessment (PCMA). This involves a history of the player, a family history, and a heart-specific examination, including an electrocardiogram. This is done to identify athletes who may be at risk of sudden illness. Of course, people want scientists to develop diagnostic tests to identify those at risk of sudden heart disease.
Researchers at the Scripps Research Institute have developed an assay called high-definition circulating endothelial cells (HD-CEC) that identifies circulating endothelial cells in the blood. Endothelial cells are arranged on the arterial wall, and their presence in the blood is strongly associated with heart attack. This assay is capable of identifying circulating endothelial cells (CEC) by morphological features and their response to specific antibodies. Compared with healthy controls, heart disease patients have significantly elevated CEC levels, making this analysis promising for predictive testing of heart attacks.
Although reliable predictive testing is not yet available, FIFA has taken a comprehensive response to cardiac arrest. In a football match, once a player has a cardiac arrest, the medical staff on the side of the field will immediately confirm and use the external defibrillator quickly and effectively.
Source: Biopass
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