Taxus is a species left over from the Quaternary glaciers. It is called the "living fossil" of the plant kingdom and is a rare and endangered plant in the world. China has classified it as a first class protected plant. When the fruit of red yew is ripe, its red fruit is full of branches and is full of colorful appearances. It is named after the "Acacia bean" which resembles the south. It is not only an important timber tree species and ornamental tree species, but also a valuable medicinal plant. It can extract expensive novel anti-cancer drugs paclitaxel and its derivatives from its plants. At present, Fudan University and Minxi County, Fujian Province jointly build the largest paclitaxel pharmaceutical processing plant in the country. It needs a lot of yew raw materials all the year round. In addition, Chengdu Jiufeng Pharmaceutical, Guilin Rhein Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Institute of Applied Drugs, Beijing Medical University, Development of Taxus chinensis in Heilongjiang Province Companies and other companies are engaged in the purification and processing of taxol.
Now introduce the breeding technology as follows:
The seedbed site has ample water sources for selection, convenient irrigation and drainage, thick soil layer, and cool ventilation. This year, it has not been done pine, and the pine nursery plots are used as seedbeds. Do not choose low-lying land and raise seedlings in the clay field. When planting, first apply 50 mu per mu. -80kg Sanyuan high-quality compound fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, and 1.5kg of phosphorin is used per acre. The appropriate amount of ferrous sulfate, to eliminate the underground pests and adjust the pH of the soil, then deep plowing, leveling, made 1 meter wide, 15-30 cm high, unlimited length, open a good drainage ditch, 0.3 weeks before sowing 0.3 % Potassium permanganate solution was poured into the nursery and drenched 20-30 cm. After pouring, it was sealed with a plastic film and opened after one week. The seeds were sown after 3-4 days of drying.
Soaking sowing in winter sowing in mid-November, the seeds of the sand after one year will be taken out of the sieve, soaked in 0.05% potassium permanganate solution for 20-30 minutes, remove and dry. When sowing, sprinkle a layer of 2 cm thick fresh fine yellow earth on the seedbed, and sow the seed soaked in the seeding seedbed on the seedbed. Do not pile the seeds. Then cover with a fine yellow clay and grow 2 cm thick. Cover the straw, and then cover the agricultural film, so that the seedlings grow out of robust, disease-free, seedbeds and fewer weeds, spring sowing in the second year of 2-4 months sowing, method with the winter sowing.
Seedlings transplanted early in the spring to be 3-4 leaves long after the selection of the rainy day comb seedlings sparsely planted, to stay thin and thin, to stay strong and weak, so that the seedbed maintain a certain degree of opacification, enhance photosynthesis, promote fast-growing, according to spacing 10 × 15 cm transplanting Dingmiao, and take 1.5 meters high shade shed (cover shade net) shaded until late October.
After weeding and dressing the young seedlings for 20 days, weeding should be carried out 2-3 times in the early spring rainy season and after the rainy season in autumn. Weeds are best hand-pulled. Every time weeding a water and fertilizer once, fertilization should be less than the amount of time, first dilute after thick, with 3-10 kg of urea per mu, potassium chloride 1-5 kg ​​mixed with water, growth phase combined with spraying antivirus bactericide Fondant fertilizer with Nongdule 3-4 times. Water management According to dry and wet conditions, irrigation, large drought and big horse water irrigation, and early irrigation late row, so that the nursery is always kept moist. After sowing seedlings of yew seeds, they can grow to 10-30 cm in height after 2-3 quarters of cultivation. In the winter and spring, they can be transplanted and afforested and potted.
Transplanting afforestation yew Xiyin, should be selected in the shady slope or semi-shade slope or short valley of the sun, using hole planting, acres planted around 600. In sunny places, mixed with fast-leaving broad-leaved trees (such as horseshoe wood) or inter-fruit trees, under the forest. Daejeon plants about 1300 acres of cultivated plants, when cultivated to 2-2.5 meters high, it can be used for medicinal purposes, pruning foliage, and producing 1.5-3 tons of fresh produce per mu. The current market sales price is about 4,000 yuan/ton. In the year after planting, it is necessary to build a 1.8-meter-high shade shed and cover it with a 50% shade-shading net. This will help the seedlings to survive and grow quickly. After the 3rd year, they will be moved annually. After 5 years, each will be kept. About 600 acres, after the sale in accordance with the size of the seedlings, on the green project.
Prevention and control of insects Taxus yunnanensis has strong resistance to the wild state, few diseases and insect pests, and occasional aphids or spider webs, which can be sprayed with common pesticides.
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