First, the different seasons of planting methods
1. Spring
1.1 The optimum period for planting fir was 1 to 2 months, which was before sprouting before the beginning of spring, because the sap of the seedlings had not yet flowed and the ground was in a dormant state, while the underground part of the root system was the most active and planted at this time. The rooting is fast, the survival rate is high, and the growth is good. In the spring, after sprouting, the underground part of the roots is in an inactive state. Seedlings are planted, the shoots are taken first, and then the roots are grown. This results in low survival and poor growth.
1.2 Choose strong seedlings
Seedling requirements: annual, seedling height over 35cm, thick, strong root system.
1.3 pulp root
Every 50kg of yellow earth soil plus 10kg of phosphorus powder is mixed with manure water to wet the stack. After fermentation and decomposed, 250kg of seedlings are mixed with about 1kg of phosphate fertilizer. The root system of seedlings planted after the root is developed and the shoots are fast. Strong, good growth, green leaves.
1.4 Forest species
Tending, the young stage of Chinese fir is very cool and cool, and it can be used as an intercropping system. The timely indiscriminate application of weeds and fertilizers to the inter-species crops will change the soil environment and soil fertility within the forest, which is very beneficial to the growth of Chinese fir.
2. Fall
Fall planting is generally from mid-October to early November. Planting on a large area can be carried out in the order of the first slope, the first slope, the first hill, the first hill, the first planting of conifers followed by the planting of broadleaf trees, and the planting time can be appropriately extended. Before planting, it is best to cut off the injured roots or abnormally developed partial roots. Then, immerse the roots of the seedlings in 0.5% polymer water absorbent or 500PPM ABT3 rooting powder solution for a while. In order to prevent cold and hare feeding, for the Chinese fir seedlings, the management measures of earth-cultivation to seedling-top can be adopted and will be promptly opened in the spring of next year. The autumn planting of seedlings can effectively solve the problems of short planting time, spring drought, and labor shortage in spring planting trees, and is an effective approach to tree planting.
2.1 planting time
From deciduous to soil can be frozen before. Autumn planting should also be done as soon as possible.
2.2 Tree Specifications
The specifications for planting trees in the fall are the same as those in the spring. Generally, the height of the evergreen trees is 1.5m to 3.5m.
2.3 Planting Technology
According to the diameter of the tree diameter or the size of the soil, conventionally digging the trees and planting trees. The planting depth is 3cm to 5cm deeper than in spring, and the soil should be compacted. Immediately after the trees were planted, the water was poured for the first time. After 3 days, the water was poured for the second time. After 10 days, the water was poured for the third time. After pouring water three times, you can seal the hole for the winter. Plants that need to be kept cold can be carried out in mid-November. The second year of spring watered twice after the usual management.
2.4 Precautions
Water must be poured thoroughly. After the tree hole seals the pit, it must be compacted to prevent the cracks from dehydrating after the northwest wind blows in winter.
2.5 winter planting method of Chinese fir
In the northern regions, the phenomenon of freshly planted green seedlings being chilled due to cold weather and improper anti-freezing measures occurred every year, which not only caused certain economic losses but also affected the overall greening effect. Therefore, the adoption of effective overwintering management measures is an important task for the safe wintering of newly planted seedlings.
2.5.1 Moderate pruning of seedlings.
2.5.2 Remove weeds, turn over the land, soil the base of the tree roots, and apply antifreeze water.
2.5.3 Bundles the trunk with wheat straw, rice straw, straw rope, etc., and plays a role in warming and protecting the cold. In colder areas, it is necessary to add a layer of plastic cloth on the outside.
2.5.4 Covering tree holes with a mulch can increase the ground temperature and maintain a certain humidity.
2.5.5 For places where some seedlings are planted in a concentrated manner, windshields can be built with straw rafts or greenhouses can be constructed with plastic sheets without affecting the ornamental effect.
Second, the cultivation of strong seedlings of Chinese fir
There is a certain degree of hi-negative during the seedling stage of Chinese fir, which requires higher air humidity and soil moisture. Otherwise it is easy to suffer from damping-off. Therefore, the development of some technical management measures will be conducive to early disease resistance and to the purpose of nurturing strong seedlings.
1. Choose a garden
Should choose a gentle slope, loose soil, fertility, irrigation and convenient lee side, bogey heavy soil and low-lying water plots.
2. meticulous land preparation, full base fertilizer
As far as possible, farm manure such as cake fertilizer, compost, human manure, and burning earth are used. With a high bed, the bed width is 100~120cm, height is 20~30cm, the bed surface is flat, and the soil block is to be tapped.
3. Sowing
The spring sowing should not be later than the end of March. Seeds must be immersed and sterilized before sowing, sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate or 1% bleaching solution for 30 minutes, or immersed in 0.15-0.3% formalin for 15 minutes. Drain the liquid and cover for one hour to broadcast. Seeding multi-use drilling, sowing ditch width 2 ~ 3cm, depth of about 1cm, about 20cm from the ditch, the sowing amount should not be too much, after sowing with fine soil coverage, and then covered with grass insulation moisture.
4. Seedling management
4.1 When the sprouts are unearthed, the amount should be disbursed in appropriate amounts in time, preferably in the evening or on cloudy days.
4.2 After the seedlings have been unearthed, the grass is replanted so that "except early, except small, except."
4.3 Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers are applied at the early stage of seedlings to promote rooting and enhance resistance to disease in the early stage of seedling production. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied in the middle stage (fast-growing period). After the growth period is over, potassium fertilizers should be used mainly, and phosphate fertilizers should be used. Supplementary, stop nitrogen fertilizer.
4.4 When the seedling height is 5~6cm, the seedlings should be started, and then the growth condition and the density of the seedlings are to be further conducted for 1~2 times.
4.5 The early growth of Chinese fir is prone to damping-off. Pay attention to flood prevention. After the seedlings are unearthed, they should be regularly sprayed with 0.5-1% ferrous sulfate solution for 7-10 days, and then every 10 days thereafter.
4.6 It should be shaded from June to September.
5. Seedlings
After the fir seedlings are capped, nursery stock surveys should be conducted to categorize the amount of seedlings per unit area. When raising the seedlings, do not injure the top buds and do not tear the roots. After the emergence of seedlings should be selected in a timely manner, to retain the advantages and disadvantages, beaten packaging.
Third, the planting standard of Chinese fir
1. Planting quality standards
1.1 In order to reduce evaporation before planting, maintain the balance of tree vigor and ensure the survival of the trees, proper pruning should be carried out. Cuts must be smooth when trimming, and pay attention to leave bud position. The root trim must be smooth and cut, and the trim must conform to the natural tree and be designed according to the design requirements. Poplar trees that are obvious to the trunk must protect the central leadership. Tree branch heights planted in public green spaces are generally 1/2 to 1/3 of the tree height, and the branch heights of street trees are 2.2 to 2.8 m.
1.2 The planting position should be in accordance with the design drawings. When the trees are planted, the height of the trees should be matched with the size of the dry path. The trees should not be tilted. Planting rows of trees must be horizontal and vertical, trunks should be in a line, and the height difference between adjacent trees must not exceed 50cm. Planting hedgerows should be uniform and the plump side should be outward. Filling should be done in layers, and the general trees should be level with the original soil.
2. Planting operation standard
2.1 tall fir should be carried out before planting, for the height of 3m below no obvious trunk seedlings, in order to ensure the same height after planting, neat and beautiful, can be trimmed after planting. Sheared cuts should be flush with the trunk to avoid affecting healing. Pay attention to leaving the outer buds in the short cut, cut the mouth from the bud position is generally about 1cm, cut should be slightly oblique. Trimmings larger than 2 cm should be coated with preservatives to promote healing and prevent pests and rain.
2.2 Before planting, the roots of bare root seedlings should be trimmed, and the cut roots, split roots, roots and roots, and long roots should be cut off. The shear must be smooth. The size and depth of the inspection pit before planting are the same as the pit diameter required by the earth ball specification standard. If it does not match, it should be trimmed. If it is necessary to fill in the soil and fill it, it is practical. Planting bare roots trees should stretch the root system, do not put roots in place, set up straight and then fill in the topsoil or good soil, and then lightly lift the trunks a few times to make the soil and root system close, and with the use of down-to-earth concrete, take real-time attention. Stepping on the roots, planting depth should be in accordance with regulations.
2.3 Roads and trees must be horizontal and vertical, and every 10 or 20 plants can be accurately planted with a tree as a basis, and then planted separately. To plant soil-sprouted trees, try to lift the ropes into the pits, position and height them, fill them with soil, and then cut the waist ropes and turfgrass. If the soil ball is full and the soil is hard when the hedgerow is planted, the bag should be opened outside the pit. , Lift up the squats into the pits, and remove the packages as much as possible.
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