One of the key steps in sweet potato cultivation is raising healthy seedlings. About 7 to 10 days after planting, apply 20 to 30 tons of well-rotted human and animal manure water, along with 10 to 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate or 5 kg of urea. Alternatively, you can use 4 to 10 kg of a 40% efficient compound fertilizer. Additionally, add 100 to 150 kg of superphosphate and 25 to 30 kg of phosphate rock, either in the pond or on the ridges. For bottom fertilization, only high-efficiency compound fertilizer is recommended when raising seedlings, while using only organic manure for initial growth. When the vines start to develop, spray 0.5 kg of zinc sulfate or 0.8 kg of compound zinc fertilizer mixed with 50 kg of water as a foliar application. In early October, apply 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 150 grams of urea per mu, diluted in 50 kg of water, and spray the leaves 2 to 3 times for better nutrient absorption.
The second step involves advanced vine management. Once the seedlings are established, remove all the weak or unwanted shoots to shorten the vines, encourage branching, increase leaf coverage, and improve the plant structure, which helps in producing more tubers. Important: Avoid twisting the vines or "hitting the vines," as this can damage the plants. Use this opportunity to prune any fibrous roots and control excessive elongation, which helps maintain a compact and healthy plant.
The third step focuses on flood prevention. Regularly clean the ditches to prevent silt buildup and repair the ridges to ensure proper drainage. Avoid waterlogging in the furrows, as standing water can lead to root rot and other diseases.
The fourth and final step is timely harvesting. Sweet potatoes should be harvested around mid-November, depending on their intended use—whether for planting, consumption, or animal feed. The vines can be used as vegetables, and the leaves can be made into silage for livestock. Note that harvesting too early or too late can reduce yield, quality, and storage life. If needed, fresh tubers can be dug up earlier, but it's best to wait until the right time for optimal results.
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