Distribution and Symptoms:
This disease is commonly found in tea-growing regions, with higher prevalence in North and East China. It affects both the seedling and mature plant stages. The pathogen primarily targets the roots and the base of the stem. Initially, the roots turn brown or dark brown and begin to rot, then spread to the lateral roots, turning purple-brown as they decay. The affected areas are often covered with fine, purple-brown filaments. On the surface, there are small, hemispherical granules, and the base of the stems may show a centimeter-sized lesion, frequently surrounded by purplish-red seedlings. The tissue becomes soft and easily peels off, while the root cortex also separates easily. In severe cases, the above-ground parts wilt, new shoots decrease, and the plant eventually dies.
Occurrence Patterns:
The disease typically occurs during the transition periods between spring and summer, or summer and autumn, when high temperatures and heavy rainfall create favorable conditions for its development. Areas with a high groundwater table, poor drainage, or overly dry soil are particularly vulnerable. The bacteria can persist in the soil for several years and spread through farming activities, rainwater, underground pests, and root contact. Long-distance transmission can also occur via infected seedlings or contaminated soil. Continuous cropping or previous cultivation of susceptible crops increases the risk of infection.
Control Measures:
It is essential to use sterile and healthy seedlings. Diseased plants should be promptly dug up and burned. After use, tools must be thoroughly cleaned before being used on other healthy seedlings. Soaking the seedlings in 20% lime milk for one hour, or in a 50% carbendazim solution diluted 1000 times for 30 minutes, can help prevent infection. After planting, proper drainage is crucial, especially in tea gardens with high water tables. Drainage ditches should be dug before planting. Soil that has previously been used for sweet potatoes, potatoes, or fruit trees and was affected by this disease should be disinfected using 70% chloronitrobenzene at a rate of 2.5 kg per acre, or 30 times diluted formalin. The solution should be poured into the soil. At the early stage of the disease, potassium permanganate or a 1000-fold dilution of a fungicide can be applied directly to the roots and the base of the stem. Regular monitoring and prompt action are key to managing this disease effectively.
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Nutriceutical Ingredients refers to the various chemicals contained in food that are necessary for maintaining human growth, development, metabolism and health.
Carbohydrates: The body's main source of energy, including sugar, starch and fiber.
Protein: The building blocks of body tissues such as muscle, skin, enzymes and hormones, but also provides energy.
Fats (lipids) : are another important source of energy, involved in cell building and hormone production, including saturated, unsaturated and essential fatty acids.
Vitamin: is a group of organic compounds, the human body needs a small amount, but essential to normal physiological function, can not be synthesized by the body itself or the amount of synthesis is insufficient, must be taken through food. For example, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, etc.
Minerals: including macroelements (such as calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium) and trace elements (such as iron, zinc, selenium, iodine), essential for the maintenance of homeostasis, bone structure, nerve conduction and other functions.
Although not a "nutrient component" in the usual sense, water is indispensable in the activities of life, participating in all biochemical reactions, maintaining body temperature and fluid balance in the body.
Although it cannot be digested and absorbed by the human body, it plays an important role in promoting intestinal health, controlling blood sugar and lipid levels.
A balanced intake of these nutrients is essential to maintaining good health. People of different ages, genders, physical conditions and activity levels also have different requirements for various nutrients.
These ingredients mainly include the following categories
1. Macronutrients
2. Micro-nutrients
3. Water
4. Dietary fiber
Nutriceutical Ingredients, Health ingredient, Nutriceutica material,Health products,health products chain
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