Phyllostachys pubescens is one of the major economic cultivation bamboo species in Anhui Province. According to different cultivation purposes, it can be divided into three types: wood for timber, bamboo forest for shoots, and dual-use forest for bamboo shoots. Its construction technology is mainly to grasp the following 4 Link. First, the selection of afforestation sites The selection of suitable afforestation sites is one of the foundations for the cultivation of high-quality, high-yield bamboo forests. 1 The transportation is convenient, it is convenient for the water and fertilizer input of the bamboo forest land, the management of the bamboo shoots and the transportation of the products. 2 suitable terrain, good site. It is advisable to choose a valley platform with an altitude of 800 meters or less, a gentle slope with a slope below 25, and a hilly land. It is best to choose a deep soil (above 50 cm), loose texture, rich and moist (rich in organic matter and abundant mineral nutrients) acidic or slightly acidic sandy loam soil or red soil (such as Wusha, Xiang gray soil), and have good water and fertilizer Maintain and transparent performance. The arid, barren and tuyote areas should not be used as afforestation land. Second, afforestation season, different afforestation methods have different afforestation seasons. For bamboo afforestation, afforestation can be carried out in all seasons except for the cold and the high-temperature dry season. From the beginning of spring to rain, this time is the best afforestation season. At this time, the bamboo is in a dormant state, and bamboo plants have the most accumulated nutrients, and they are easy to transplant and strong. The whip afforestation is suitable 15 to 30 days before the bamboo shoots are unearthed, that is, from late February to mid-to late March, when the bamboo whip has accumulated a certain amount of nutrients, and the bamboo shoots have a certain degree of swelling, after being planted for a period of time. Adapt to the time environment to shoot growth. Third, the quality of afforestation and soil preparation and site preparation is not only related to the survival rate of afforestation and the speed of forestation, but also has a certain impact on the future production of bamboo shoots. Site preparation should be completed one month before afforestation. The hilly land requires land preparation in the entire area, 15 to 25 slopes can be used for horizontal strip preparation, and 25 slopes can be used for block preparation. After the irrigation, clear the forest land and dig again. The depth of digging is more than 30 cm, and roots, firewood and large stones are removed, combined with smooth ground, and 10 to 14 tons of pig calf or pond mud per hectare of Pushi. Then, according to the planting density of afforestation design, the planting hole is controlled and planting points are different. The planting holes of various afforestation methods are of different sizes. The general afforestation hole is about 1.2 meters long, 0.5-0.6 meters wide and 0.4-0.5 meters deep; 0.8-1.0 meters, 0.4-0.5 meters wide, and 0.4 meters deep; whip afforestation can also be planted horizontally. 4. Afforestation methods Phyllostachys pubescens is mainly used for afforestation by means of bamboo transfer. Afforestation may also be carried out using seedlings or whips. 1. Move bamboo afforestation 1 mother bamboo choice. Phyllostachys pubescens is the strongest whip in 1 to 3 year old bamboos, so it should be selected as a mother bamboo with low branching, strong growth, and no disease and pest. In order to facilitate transportation and planting, the mother bamboo's thickness is usually 3 to 6 cm in diameter, but if the mother bamboo is to be dug out, it is better to choose a mother bamboo with a DBH of 8 to 10 cm to facilitate the development of strong bamboo shoots. Chenglin Manor. 2 mother bamboo excavation and transport. First determine the mother bamboo bamboo whip direction, usually the mother bamboo first grade branches or bamboo tip pointed out mostly to the whip direction, if the two points to the same direction must be the whip direction, and then along the bamboo whip direction, in the distance from the mother bamboo 40 ~ Dig at 60 centimeters, leave the whip about 20 centimeters, go to the whip 40 to 50 meters, pay attention to protect the shoots and "screws" when excavating, cut off the bamboo shoots, leaving branches 5 to 7 plates (dry weather can be transported long distances Leave 3 to 5 plates.) Mother bamboo as much as possible with soil (10 to 20 kg). The key to mother bamboo transportation is to protect the shoots and "screws" from operation and the mother bamboo does not lose water. Should try to choose rainy or nocturnal transport, and shorten the mother bamboo digging and planting interval time, it is best to use straw rope or linen wrapped mother bamboo and earthworms. 3 Planting and post-planting management. The planting density of afforestation of bamboo shoots for bamboo shoots is generally around 600 per hectare (44 meters). If the nearest mother is used and the source of mother bamboo is sufficient, the planting density can be increased to 900 per hectare (33.5 meters) to promote the early days. Chenglin Manor. If the funds or mother bamboo is not sufficient, it can also be planted at about 500 plants/ha (45 meters). Before planting, put the decomposed pig cow bar dung or cake fertilizer and appropriate amount of compound fertilizer mixed soil into the planting hole, and then back to the topsoil and put it into the mother bamboo to make the mother bamboo constuction soil group slightly lower than the ground. Pay attention to keeping the bamboo whip flattened into the ground and have a uniform depth. Use the whip against the wall and leave the whip to leave room for the development of the whip bud. Bamboo sticks can be natural and do not have to stand upright. "Plants are not loose, and bamboo is not true." The soil should not be trampled under the whip to prevent damage to shoots. Mother bamboo soil is covered with 5 to 10 centimeters thick, so that the ground around the bamboo base is slightly higher than the ground water, bamboo grass covered grass. Coarse or skewed mother bamboos are tied for support, and the wind shave shakes and hurts the "screws". After a long period of drought and rain, it is necessary to water regularly. In 2 to 3 years, weeding weeds twice a year (May-June, September-October) or intercropping crops (with beans as a good name), implement farming on behalf of the family, protect bamboo shoots and raise bamboo, and forbid digging bamboo shoots And pigs, cattle and other livestock into the forest, appropriate fertilization (in Hsinchu around the ditch or acupuncture). 2. Afforestation of seedling seedlings Because bamboo seed is rare, this afforestation method is rarely used in production. Usually take 2 to 3 years seedlings up the mountain afforestation, when the seedlings, cut half of the tip shoots and leaves to reduce the bamboo transpiration, bamboo seedlings required to bring a certain length of bamboo whip and appropriate soil. Moso bamboo seedlings often use plexiform planting, 4 to 6 seedlings/clusters, and the planting density is 600 bushes/ha (44 to 33.5 meters). The planting method was the same as that of bamboo afforestation. 3. Transplantation of whip afforestation This method is often used when mother bamboo is insufficient or funds are lacking. In the normal growth of bamboo forest, dig for 2 to 4 years, grow strong, whip and shoot full (preferably with bamboo shoots) yellow bamboo whip, cut into 0.8 to 1.0 meters long whip section, take care not to tear when whip And damage whip buds, retaining 3 to 5 robust full buds. Keep your bamboo whip damp during transportation. Planting densities of 900 to 1050 holes/ha (33.5 to 33 meters), applying perishable manure and compound fertilizer to each hole or groove during planting, mixing well with soil, placing bamboo whip, keeping the whip flat and bamboo shoots The shoot buds are pointed upwards, and the cover soil is compacted. The thickness of the whip cover is maintained at about 10 cm. Water is applied in an appropriate amount to cover the straw. Gutters are opened around the hole and on both sides of the ditch to prevent water dripping in the rainy season. After planting, pay attention to regular watering. After the spring and summer bamboo shoots were unearthed, they chose to retain 1 to 3 sticks/hole of thick bamboo shoots, and the remaining bamboo shoots were timely removed to ensure the quality of Hsinchu. When Hsinchu grows leaves, cut the shoots, leave 5 to 7 leaves and top dressing.
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