With the emphasis on selenium, the development of selenium fertilizer has been promoted. The main effects of selenium on plants are as follows: First, the application of selenium can increase crop yield. In regulating plant growth, it is characterized by low concentration to promote plant growth and high concentration to inhibit plant growth. Exogenous selenium may affect certain microorganisms in the soil. The type, quantity or activity of the enzyme, which in turn affects the nutrient environment for crop growth, ultimately affects crop yield by affecting the absorption of nutrients by the plant.
The second is heavy metals. The action of selenium on heavy metals is manifested in three aspects: combining with heavy metals to form insoluble precipitates; reducing the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on antioxidants in plants, thereby alleviating the damage of free radicals to plants; It regulates the activity of phytochelatinase, which forms a chelating protein with heavy metal ions and alleviates the toxicity of heavy metals to plants.
Third, selenium can promote seed germination, which is closely related to the concentration. Selenium treatment of the appropriate concentration can promote its germination. When the concentration is high, it will have a toxic effect on the seed. Fourth, selenium can promote and regulate the anaphylaxis of chlorophyll in plants. Within a certain range (below 0.10mg/L), selenium enhances mitochondrial respiration rate and chloroplast electron transport rate, while selenium is at a higher concentration (≥1.0mg). /L) causes a decrease in the rate, indicating that selenium may be involved in the energy metabolism process in plants.
Fifth, selenium can affect the absorption of other nutrients by plants. Selenium has both strontium and synergistic effects on sulfur. It has been found that selenium can compete with sulfur for sulfur transporters on cell membranes. Sixth, the application of selenium in crops can reduce the phytotoxicity of herbicides, improve the stress resistance of crops, and inhibit fungi. Seven is that selenium has an effect on a variety of enzymes in plants, and the effect on enzyme activity is related to its concentration.
Low concentration of selenium (1.0mg/L sodium selenite) can significantly increase the activity of glutathione peroxide in the tillering and booting stages of rice; high concentration of selenium (10.0mg/L sodium selenite) can significantly inhibit the tillering stage Glutathione peroxidase activity, but promoted the glutathione peroxidase activity at the booting stage of rice. Eight is the effect of anti-oxidation on crops. Wheat, corn, soybean and rapeseed are used as experimental materials to prove that selenium has antioxidant effects on higher plants, thereby enhancing the antioxidant capacity of plants and improving the resistance and resistance of plants. The aging ability ensures the normal growth of the plants.
Nine is the application of selenium to improve crop quality, mainly by affecting the level of certain organic compounds in the crop. In the hydroponic experiment of Chinese cabbage, it was found that the appropriate concentration of exogenous selenium increased the content of soluble total sugar and reducing sugar in the aboveground part of Chinese cabbage, increased the total protein content in the plant, and reduced the content of sucrose, starch and fiber; After exogenous selenium, the total amount of free amino acids and sodium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc in the upper part of Chinese cabbage were increased. The content of sodium and sulfur in the lower part of Chinese cabbage was increased, and the elements of phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and zinc in the lower part of the cabbage were reduced. The content of the cabbage has greatly improved the quality of the cabbage.
Selenium-enriched agricultural products drive the application of selenium fertilizer
It is understood that the selenium fertilizer varieties on the market are classified according to the application methods: foliar spray selenium fertilizer, water flushing selenium fertilizer, organic selenium fertilizer, etc., mainly using sodium selenate or sodium selenite to pass amino acid, humic acid, EDTA, etc. It is complexed and made into a dosage form that makes plants more easily absorbed. It can be applied alone or in combination with organic fertilizers and microbial fertilizers. It is important to note that the concentration can not be excessive, whether it is used as a base fertilizer, top dressing, foliar spray or water flushing. Excessive amounts can lead to poor plant growth.
Selenium is not only a nutrient element required by many plants. The application of selenium fertilizer in a lack of areas can make crops high-yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. More importantly, China is a country with selenium-deficient soil. The human body needs selenium-enriched food. The application of selenium fertilizer can increase the selenium content in agricultural products.
In recent years, before the introduction of Hubei Enshi, Shaanxi Ziyang and Guizhou Kaiyang, through the comprehensive development and cultivation of selenium-enriched agricultural products, and the cultivation of selenium-enriched rice, corn, peanuts, vegetables and fruits, the income has increased substantially. The cultivation of selenium agricultural products has become one of the important ways for local farmers to increase their incomes.
Another example is the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, which has 870,000 mu of selenium-enriched glutinous rice, 900,000 mu of selenium-rich red dates, and 450,000 mu of selenium-enriched grapes. It relies on selenium-enriched soil to take the road of modern agriculture. These vivid cases have also driven the national selenium. Fertilizer application.
It can be seen that the application of selenium fertilizer can not only increase production, but also the development of selenium-enriched vegetables and grain can produce huge economic benefits. A large area of ​​selenium-deficient soil in China requires a large amount of selenium supplementation. Selenium-enriched food is beneficial to human health and can predict selenium. The development of fertilizer will be promising in China .
Website: The development history of selenium fertilizer and the role of selenium fertilizer in the development of selenium-enriched agricultural products
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