In early summer, the combination of high temperature and humidity poses a significant challenge for dairy cows. When the daily average temperature exceeds 24°C, which is the critical threshold, milk production begins to drop. To maintain high yields and stable performance during these hot and humid months, it's essential to implement specialized management strategies.
First, adjust the diet composition. Provide high-quality feed with increased energy content by incorporating more concentrates or fat sources such as soybeans, cottonseed, and animal fats. A supplement of 1% to 15% can be beneficial. In the total mixed ration, increase the protein level by 1% to 2%, aiming for a protein content of around 19%. However, crude fiber should be carefully managed, especially in silage. Studies have shown that dairy cows producing over 32 kg of milk per day perform best when fed 17–22 kg of silage daily in the summer.
Second, enhance hydration. Prepare well-balanced, nutrient-rich drinks to stimulate appetite. A practical recipe involves mixing 140 kg of feed with 600 kg of water, boiling it into a thin porridge-like mixture, and adding 9 kg of brown sugar. This drink should be offered three times a day on top of the regular feed, ensuring all ingredients are consumed.
Third, improve cooling measures. Implement effective heat stress prevention methods such as shading, ventilation, misting, and washing the cows. For example, fans can be used to circulate air, while cold water can be sprayed on the floor, walls, roof, and cow bodies to lower ambient temperatures.
Fourth, adjust feeding times. Due to heat stress, cows tend to eat less during the hottest parts of the day. Therefore, it’s advisable to feed them primarily in the cooler evening hours. This helps reduce heat stress, minimize leftover feed, and boost milk output.
Fifth, focus on disease prevention. Keep the barn clean by promptly removing manure and controlling pests like flies and mosquitoes. Maintain good hygiene to reduce the risk of illness. Avoid breeding or calving during the summer if possible. After calving, provide brown sugar or wheat bran soup to help expel the placenta quickly. Avoid milking during the midday heat, and use warm water to clean the udder before milking. After milking, apply a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution to prevent mastitis.
Aliphatic Polycarbonates APC
A polymer whose molecular backbone contains aliphatic esters. In other words, the parent nucleus R of the dihydroxyl compound HO -- R -- OH is polycarbonate of aliphatic group (CH2) M, (CH2)O(CH2), -- CH2 -- C(CH3)2 -- CH2 -- etc. It is characterized by low melting temperature, mostly below 60℃, and narrow melting range, greater solubility, low mechanical strength, hydrophilic, poor thermal stability, low glass transition temperature. Most aliphatic polycarbonate have low molecular weight and are mostly viscous liquid at room temperature or microcrystalline substance at low melting temperature. It can be prepared from aliphatic dihydroxyl compounds with dicarbonate or photogasification. Most of them have little industrial value, so their application is very limited.
Aliphatic Polycarbonates Apc,Rigid Bioplastics Aliphatic Polycarbonates Apc,Adhesives Aliphatic Polycarbonates Apc,Binders Aliphatic Polycarbonates Apc
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