Raise technical opinions on current key technologies for transplanting rapeseed:
Apply base fertilizer. Basal fertilizer is mainly used for raising seedlings after transplanting live seedlings. Applying base fertilizer is an important foundation for rape to achieve autumn and winter strong growth. Generally cultivated on moderately fertile soil, 30 kg of high-efficiency compound fertilizer, 200 g of 15% boron fertilizer and 50 kg of cooked cake fertilizer should be applied per acre. After the above several types of fertilizer are fully mixed, they are applied to the tillage layer before the field tillage. Make full use of the soil. (The use of farmyard fertilizer is better, 25 to 30 ren of human and animal excrement).
Open a good three ditch. When plowing rapeseed field preparation, it is necessary to open a good roadway, gutter, and ditch. The width of the cabin is about 4 meters (measured by the size of the plot). The horizontal and vertical grooves are 30 cm wide and 25 to 30 cm deep. The side ditch can be slightly wider and deeper. Ensure smooth drainage, so as to avoid waterlogging of rapeseed roots and reduce disease occurrence.
Properly planted early. Early planting in appropriate period and striving for a longer effective growth period are conducive to the formation of larger vegetative bodies before winter, enhancing the cold resistance and stress resistance of plants, and being conducive to thickening the root neck and improving plant branching capacity. The best time for transplanting rapeseed in some areas is from October 15 to November 10. When autumn harvest is the season of competition, the transplanting of rapeseed should highlight a “grab†word. On the basis of guaranteeing the quality of transplanting, the transplanting progress should be firmly grasped to ensure that rapeseed is transplanted in the best season, and it is necessary to strive to build a high-yield shelf before winter. .
Closely planted. It is much better to grow in narrow and narrow rows than in row spacing. Wide and narrow lines are conducive to improving ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field, reducing diseases such as sclerotinia and diseases, enhancing stalk lodging resistance, increasing the photosynthesis intensity of keratinocytes, increasing grain weight, and improving quality. Generally large row spacing is 60 centimeters, small row spacing is 40 to 45 centimeters, and plant spacing is 20 to 24 centimeters. The optimum planting density per acre of rape is 6000-7000 strains. Early fertile fertile fields should be properly thinned, and late-season thin field blocks should be dense enough.
Fine transplanting. One day before transplanting, the seedbed was irrigated with water, and it was soiled, fertilized, and transplanted with herbs. When transplanting, it should be “full, uniform, deep, straight, and tightâ€, that is, the whole leaf should be planted in the field, and the seedlings of different sizes should be planted in different fields. All the roots should be in the soil, the roots should be straightened, and the soil should be compacted. Press tightly so that the roots are not left floating. And do it from the seedlings, edge transplanting, pouring root water, do not plant every night seedlings. Adhere to the sunny and afternoon planting, cloudy all day planted, heavy rain is not planted, soil rotten is not planted, so as to avoid causing stiff seedlings, dead seedlings. Before wintering, pay special attention to topdressing a wax fertilizer, using coarse farmyard fertilizers as a good measure, and use 1,000 kg per mu. When applying topdressing, it is necessary to combine cultivators to protect roots and prevent freezing.
Do a good job of "three defenses." 1. To prevent early onset of early and early flowering: For better growth, prematurely convulsing buds in the field, by deep-cultivating damage part of the root system to inhibit reproductive growth and delay convulsions. Early onset of the low temperature, early picking should be selected before the low temperature, in order to suppress the top growth advantage, delay the growth period, and increase the ability of the plants to keep out the cold. Immediately after the picking, the quick-seeding fertilizer should be applied immediately, and 5 kg of urea or 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate should be applied per mu to promote the growth of rapeseed. 2. Weeding: Chemical weeding is carried out two days before transplanting, after smashing the slats and saplings, and before the winter solstice, using 10% glyphosate 1 kg or 72% Bordeaux mixture 50 ml water per acre. 100 pounds of sprayed field (bag ditch). 3. Disease prevention: 1 seedling time to control cabbage caterpillar, aphids, mu annihilation 10% EC 10 ml or avermectin (Cornus rice 0.5% EC 20 ml water 50 kg, uniform spray plant leaves on the back, with Phytosanitary 1.5% Emulsion 800 times spray to prevent viral disease.2 More plots of grass before transplanting can be used to kill off the ticks with no traces. The soil is treated with Napropamide or Acetochlor for 1~2 days after transplanting. After blocking, or about 2 to 4 days of weeds in about 30 days after planting, use 5% glyphosate 60 to 70 ml per acre plus 30% oil grass to remove 50 to 60 ml of water to prevent double and monocotyledon weeds. Sprout Sclerotinia: During the period of stem extraction, spraying with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, 50% carbendazim or sclerotium net 0.1 kg/50 kg water once per acre, spraying once again at the early flowering stage, flowering stage and node stage. At the same time, the yellow, old and diseased leaves in the middle and lower parts of the plant should be removed and brought out of the field.
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