At present, the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus is often low, and the quality of the mushrooms is not always satisfactory. A major contributing factor is inadequate moisture management during cultivation, particularly after harvesting. When the moisture level in the growing medium isn't properly maintained, it leads to a decline in both the quantity and quality of subsequent harvests. To achieve consistent, high yields and superior mushroom quality, it's crucial to implement effective and scientific moisture control methods during the cultivation process.
One effective approach is to use soil covering to maintain moisture. After laying the mushroom bags, spread a 15–20 cm thick layer of soil inside the growing area. Remove the plastic bags, place the mycelium-covered stems neatly into the soil, and cover each layer with 3–4 cm of soil on both sides. Spray water onto the soil and mix it with mud to ensure even moisture distribution. Repeat this process for 6–9 layers, and finally cover the top layer with soil and smooth it out. Afterward, spray a large amount of water over the entire structure to allow the soil to absorb sufficient moisture. This technique can boost oyster mushroom yields by 50% to 90%.
Another method involves using nutrient-rich soil. Mix 45 kg of fertile soil with 5 kg of wood ash, add water until the soil feels moist but not soggy, and let it rest for a day. Once ready, spread the mixture evenly at a height of about one meter. During bag cultivation, fill each end of the bag with 2–3 cm of the nutrient-rich soil. During the fruiting stage, spray the soil 1–2 times daily. This method can increase production by approximately 50%.
A third technique is the Yangshuo soil moisturizing method. After the first flush of mushrooms, remove the bags from the sun for 1–2 days to allow a thin layer of skin to form on the surface, which helps prevent pests and controls excessive fruiting body growth. Using a sterilized knife, cut the bag vertically and flip it upside down. Fill the gap with fine sand, then cover it with 2–3 cm of fine soil. Finally, apply a solution made from superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and white sugar in a ratio of 2:0.2:1:100. This method has been shown to increase yields by up to 80%.
By implementing these advanced moisture management techniques, growers can significantly improve both the yield and quality of their oyster mushroom crops, making the cultivation process more efficient and profitable.
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