At present, the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms) is often low, and the quality doesn't meet expectations. One of the main reasons for this issue is inadequate moisture management during cultivation, especially after harvesting. When the moisture content in the growing medium isn't properly maintained, it leads to a decline in both yield and mushroom quality over time. To achieve consistent high yields and superior quality, proper scientific moisture control of the culture material is essential.
First, the method of using soil covering on the walls involves laying a 15–20 cm thick layer of soil in the growing area based on the length of the mushroom bags. After removing the plastic bags, the mycelium blocks are neatly placed into the soil, with each layer covered by 3–4 cm of soil on both sides. Water is sprayed onto the soil, and then the surface is wiped with mud to ensure good moisture retention. This process is repeated for 6–9 layers, with the top layer smoothed and thoroughly watered to allow the soil to absorb enough moisture. This technique can boost oyster mushroom yields by 50% to 90%.
Second, applying nutrient-rich soil involves mixing 45 kg of fertile soil with 5 kg of wood ash and adding water until the soil feels moist but not soggy. The mixture is then spread evenly at a height of about one meter. During bag cultivation, only 2–3 cm of this nutrient-rich soil is added to each end of the bag. During the fruiting stage, the soil is misted 1–2 times daily. This approach increases production by approximately 50%.
Third, the Yangshuo method involves leaving the mushroom bags out in the sun for 1–2 days after the first harvest. This allows a thin layer of skin to form on the surface, which helps prevent pests and controls excessive fruiting body growth. Using a sterilized knife, the bags are cut upside down, and the gaps are filled with fine sand before being covered with 2–3 cm of fine soil. Finally, a solution made from superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and white sugar in a ratio of 2:0.2:1:100 is applied. This method can increase yield by up to 80%.
By implementing these advanced moisture management techniques, growers can significantly improve both the quantity and quality of their oyster mushroom harvests, making the cultivation process more efficient and profitable.
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